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Current therapeutic approaches for SCI are insufficient, advocating for the development of more effective treatments. As changes in transcriptome post-SCI can provide clues for novel treatment strategies and targets, substantial efforts have been made recently to characterize such transcriptional changes and their spatiotemporal features. This narrative review focuses on how transcriptomics, alone or in combination with other omics data, can contribute to understanding SCI pathobiology and the mechanisms of post-SCI regeneration and guide the development of novel SCI therapies. It covers an arsenal of tools for transcriptomics studies and provides a concise summary of findings from the latest relevant studies (predominantly from 2020 to 2025), representing the major directions in the field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27135870","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:55:11Z","timestamp":1782780911000},"page":"5870","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Transcriptomics Insights into Spinal Cord Injury for Therapy Development"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9354-6824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daria","family":"Chudakova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Precision Genetic Technologies for Medicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7957-1951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Astakhova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Federal Center for Brain and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, 115682 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2936-7029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Shkap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Precision Genetic Technologies for Medicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Federal Center for Brain and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, 115682 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Center for Cybernetic Medicine and Neuroprosthetics, Federal Center for Brain and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, 115682 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Levichkina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alesya","family":"Soboleva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Precision Genetic Technologies for Medicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artur","family":"Biktimirov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cybernetic Medicine and Neuroprosthetics, Federal Center for Brain and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, 115682 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1039-4245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vladimir","family":"Baklaushev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Precision Genetic Technologies for Medicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Federal Center for Brain and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, 115682 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care and Medical Technologies, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, 115682 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, Medical and Biological Faculty, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2024). 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