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Although immune-cell entry into the CNS is tightly controlled, small numbers of antigen-experienced lymphocytes can access cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) compartments for immune surveillance under normal conditions. During an injury, such as cerebral ischemia or spinal cord damage, dendritic cell precursors infiltrate the CNS, suggesting their involvement in modulating lymphocyte activity. However, the immunoregulatory function of the CP alone is insufficient to prevent damage. Injury can trigger a cascade of events including activation of microglia toward a pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype, infiltration of peripheral immune cells across the blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB), and uncontrolled neuroinflammation. T cells play a critical role in this process. Th1 cells exacerbate inflammation upon recognizing neural antigens, whereas Th2 cells promote recovery by releasing neurotrophic factors. This highlights the dual role of inflammation in CNS injury and repair.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27136074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T08:04:49Z","timestamp":1783411489000},"page":"6074","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Immunologic Function of the Choroid Plexus: A Gateway to Immunomodulatory Therapy in Injury Models of the Central Nervous System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Roxana","family":"Rodriguez-Barrera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Secci\u00f3n de Investigaci\u00f3n, Escuela Militar de Graduados en Sanidad, UDEFA, Ciudad de Mexico 11200, Mexico"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), FCS, Universidad An\u00e1huac Mexico Campus Norte, Huixquilucan 52786, 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