{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T05:03:57Z","timestamp":1784005437626,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation","award":["Grant No 139-15-2025-008 dated 16 April 2025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No 139-15-2025-008 dated 16 April 2025"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nanoparticles combining gold and iron oxide are promising for a wide range of biomedical applications, including photothermal therapy, radiotherapy enhancement, drug delivery, and diagnostic imaging. However, their long-term biodistribution and safety profile remain largely unexplored. Here, we synthesized Fe3O4@AuNP core\u2013satellite nanoparticles (Fe3O4@AuNPs) using femtosecond laser ablation, functionalized them with 15 kDa polyethylene glycol (PEG), and characterized them using a panel of physicochemical techniques. Healthy C57BL\/6 mice received an intravenous injection of Fe3O4@AuNPs at 730 mg Au\/kg and 82 mg Fe\/kg, respectively. Biodistribution was monitored by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) over 12 months, after which gold and iron concentrations were measured ex vivo, and long-term toxicity was assessed via histology and blood biochemistry. Nanoparticles accumulated predominantly in the liver and spleen. Quantitative analysis of CT images revealed a gradual decrease in gold content, while MRI showed a progressive reduction in negative contrast in the liver between 6 and 12 months, suggesting possible changes in the Fe3O4 core structure. Over the one-year observation period, no differences in behavior or body weight gain were detected between the treated and control groups. Histological examination revealed no pathological changes other than mild age-related alterations. These findings provide a baseline for the long-term behavior of laser-ablated core\u2013satellite Fe3O4@AuNPs, which is essential for their further development in diagnostic and theranostic applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27146147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T16:16:44Z","timestamp":1783613804000},"page":"6147","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long-Term Biodistribution of Fe3O4@Au Core\u2013Satellite Nanoparticles Assessed by CT and MRI In Vivo"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0246-1794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristina","family":"Shpakova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow 115522, Russia"},{"name":"Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2942-7895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vsevolod","family":"Skribitsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow 115522, Russia"},{"name":"Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia"},{"name":"Institute for Physics and Engineering in Biomedicine, National Research Nuclear University \u201cMEPhI\u201d, Moscow 115409, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5144-1039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yulia","family":"Finogenova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow 115522, Russia"},{"name":"Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0248-9126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anton","family":"Kasianov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow 115522, Russia"},{"name":"Institute for Physics and Engineering in Biomedicine, National Research Nuclear University \u201cMEPhI\u201d, Moscow 115409, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexey","family":"Lipengolts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow 115522, Russia"},{"name":"Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia"},{"name":"Institute for Physics and Engineering in Biomedicine, National Research Nuclear University \u201cMEPhI\u201d, Moscow 115409, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1850-2231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelina","family":"Skribitskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Physics and Engineering in Biomedicine, National Research Nuclear University \u201cMEPhI\u201d, Moscow 115409, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0386-9732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Smirnova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow 115522, Russia"},{"name":"The Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Moscow 111123, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8140-6988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artem","family":"Laktionov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Physics and Engineering in Biomedicine, National Research Nuclear University \u201cMEPhI\u201d, Moscow 115409, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8902-0371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anton","family":"Popov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Physics and Engineering in Biomedicine, National Research Nuclear University \u201cMEPhI\u201d, Moscow 115409, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrey","family":"Kozlov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Physics and Engineering in Biomedicine, National Research Nuclear University \u201cMEPhI\u201d, Moscow 115409, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergey","family":"Klimentov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Physics and Engineering in Biomedicine, National Research Nuclear University \u201cMEPhI\u201d, Moscow 115409, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7726-7991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Grigorieva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow 115522, Russia"},{"name":"Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tarkistani, M.A.M., Komalla, V., and Kayser, V. (2021). Recent Advances in the Use of Iron\u2013Gold Hybrid Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications. 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