{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T07:07:07Z","timestamp":1784185627916,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease, yet effective therapeutic strategies targeting its underlying mechanisms remain limited. Mogroside V (MV), a natural saponin from Siraitia grosvenorii, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but its role in DKD is unclear. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of MV on renal injury in DKD using db\/db mice and high-glucose-induced human renal mesangial cells (HRMCs). MV (25\u2013100 mg\/kg\/d) was orally administered to db\/db mice for eight weeks; HRMCs were treated with 0.5\u20132 \u03bcM MV under high-glucose conditions. Renal function, pathological changes, the expression of TLR4\/MyD88\/NF-\u03baB pathway components, inflammatory cytokines, apoptosis-related factors, and ECM markers were assessed. MV significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, proteinuria, serum creatinine, and urea nitrogen levels, and ameliorated renal pathological injury in db\/db mice. Mechanistically, MV downregulated TLR4, MyD88, and p-NF-\u03baBp65 expression, suppressed inflammatory cytokine release (TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, MCP-1, IL-18), attenuated apoptosis (increased Bcl-2\/Bax ratio, decreased caspase-3), and reduced ECM accumulation (decreased MMP-9, Col IV) both in vivo and in vitro. These findings suggest that MV protects against diabetic kidney disease, potentially by regulating the TLR4\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway and improving extracellular matrix remodeling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27146271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T03:06:52Z","timestamp":1784084812000},"page":"6271","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mogroside V Alleviates Renal Injury in Diabetic Mice via Regulation of the TLR4\/NF-\u03baB Pathway and Modulation of ECM Remodeling"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Xiangyu","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanzhe","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangrong","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongcheng","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14007","article-title":"An updated overview of diabetic nephropathy: Diagnosis, prognosis, treatment goals and latest guidelines","volume":"22","author":"Selby","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. 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