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As an opportunistic pathogen that commonly resides in the intestinal microbiota, C. albicans can subsequently translocate across the intestinal barrier and cause intra-abdominal infections. To investigate this process, a murine model of peritoneal C. albicans infection was established, in which sodium new houttuyfonate was administered for therapeutic evaluation. The therapeutic potential of sodium new houttuyfonate against abdominal C. albicans infection was evaluated through assessment of immune cell composition, peritoneal macrophage polarization, tissue fungal burden, and histopathological features. The molecular mechanisms of sodium new houttuyfonate therapy were also investigated with cellular experiments, including colony counting, real-time quantitative PCR, Western blotting, and the detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in RAW264.7 macrophages. Our results revealed that sodium new houttuyfonate exerts a dual anti-infective effect through its fungicidal activity and via the immunomodulation of immunoinflammatory states. Sodium new houttuyfonate also stimulates cytokine production (e.g., IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-\u03b1, and MCP-1) via the TLR2\/p38\/NF-\u03baB pathway and promotes the release of ROS and nitric oxide. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of exogenous sodium new houttuyfonate as a therapeutic option for abdominal C. albicans infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27146437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T10:44:02Z","timestamp":1784544242000},"page":"6437","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms of Sodium New Houttuyfonate in a Murine Model of Intra-Abdominal Candida albicans Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxin","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China"},{"name":"School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China"},{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory, Xi\u2019an Guoyi Hospital, Xi\u2019an 712000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1318-7544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China"},{"name":"Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1190-485X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhangyong","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China"},{"name":"Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13807","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13807","article-title":"Intra-Abdominal Candidiasis in Cancer Patients: A 10-Year Experience in a Middle-Income Country","volume":"67","author":"Arcieri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1099\/acmi.byg2021.po0020","article-title":"Virulence Traits and Differential Translocation of Gut-Derived Candida albicans","volume":"4","author":"Devlin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Access Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00915-18","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00915-18","article-title":"Candida albicans-Induced Epithelial Damage Mediates Translocation through Intestinal Barriers","volume":"9","author":"Allert","year":"2018","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e428","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(23)00692-8","article-title":"Global Incidence and Mortality of Severe Fungal Disease","volume":"24","author":"Denning","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. 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