{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T11:28:57Z","timestamp":1786447737853,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010447","name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81Z0700213"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81Z0700213"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010447","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["81Z0700213"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81Z0700213"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/031t5w623","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Mol. Sci.","IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bioresorbable stents (BRS) have been explored in cardiovascular intervention to provide temporary mechanical support while reducing long-term foreign material. The coronary experience has shown both the potential and the limitations of this strategy. First-generation polymeric stents demonstrated feasibility but were limited by thick struts, insufficient radial strength, delayed healing, and increased scaffold thrombosis. In contrast, metallic bioresorbable platforms improved mechanical performance, but each material system still faces trade-offs between strength, degradation rate, and biological response. Transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR) may represent a clinically meaningful setting for renewed BRS development. Patients with congenital heart disease often require repeated pulmonary valve interventions over a lifetime, and permanent metallic frames may increase cumulative implant burden and complicate future treatment. However, TPVR imposes distinct requirements, including large-diameter expansion, stable anchoring, fatigue resistance, controlled degradation, and leaflet-frame integration. This review summarizes the lessons learned from coronary BRS, discusses material considerations for TPVR-oriented stent design, and evaluates current preclinical evidence for bioresorbable and regenerative pulmonary valve platforms. Particular attention is given to magnesium\u2013zinc alloys as a tunable material strategy for future bioresorbable TPVR frames. Although direct evidence for fully bioresorbable metallic TPVR devices remains limited, this approach provides a rational framework for next-generation pulmonary valve intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27167172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T10:32:16Z","timestamp":1786444336000},"page":"7172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Learning from Biodegradable Coronary Stents: Future Directions for TPVR Biodegradable Stents"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9622-980X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaoyang","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), 24105 Kiel, Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site North, 20251 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina Sophie","family":"Pommert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site North, 20251 Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Luebeck Campus, 23562 L\u00fcbeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5524-5844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Meier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie L.","family":"Sellers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cardiovascular Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Translational Laboratory, Providence Research & Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada"},{"name":"Centre for Heart Valve Innovation, St. Paul\u2019s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4547-9260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakob Christoph","family":"Voran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site North, 20251 Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), 24105 Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8223-2638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver J.","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site North, 20251 Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), 24105 Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7561-075X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Derk","family":"Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site North, 20251 Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), 24105 Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5991-2106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim","family":"Attmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), 24105 Kiel, Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site North, 20251 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4689-5714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregor","family":"Warnecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), 24105 Kiel, Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site North, 20251 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4990-1892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Puehler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site North, 20251 Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Luebeck Campus, 23562 L\u00fcbeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9145-3210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georg","family":"Lutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), 24105 Kiel, Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site North, 20251 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-018-0124-7","article-title":"Fully Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffolds: Lessons Learned and Future Directions","volume":"16","author":"Jinnouchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. 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