{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:04:21Z","timestamp":1790208261198,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Mol. Sci.","IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a major therapeutic challenge due to pronounced molecular heterogeneity, transcriptional plasticity, and frequent treatment resistance. MicroRNA (miRNA)-based strategies have emerged as potential approaches for modulating dysregulated gene expression networks in TNBC; however, the contribution of understudied miRNA families to TNBC-associated regulatory programs remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate the tumor-suppressive role of miR-548f-3p in TNBC and to identify candidate downstream effectors, with particular focus on ANP32E. An integrative analysis combining public transcriptomic datasets, clinical expression profiling, computational target prediction, network-based prioritization, pathway analysis, and single-cell transcriptomic assessment identified miR-548f-3p as consistently downregulated in TNBC. Among candidate downstream targets, ANP32E, a chromatin-associated regulator involved in H2A.Z histone variant dynamics, was identified as a potential effector exhibiting increased expression in TNBC and enrichment within malignant epithelial cell populations. An inverse association between miR-548f-3p and ANP32E expression was observed in patient-derived samples. In breast cancer cell models, miR-548f-3p mimic restoration increased apoptosis, promoted G0\/G1 accumulation, and reduced migration- and invasion-associated readouts, although measurable effects were also observed in non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells. These phenotypic changes were accompanied by reduced ANP32E expression at the protein level, indicating that ANP32E expression is responsive to miR-548f-3p restoration. This study supports miR-548f-3p as a candidate tumor-suppressive miRNA in TNBC. The reduction in ANP32E protein expression following miR-548f-3p restoration, together with computational, single-cell, and clinical expression evidence, supports ANP32E as an expression-responsive candidate downstream effector of miR-548f-3p. Further reporter-based and rescue experiments are required to confirm direct 3\u2032UTR-mediated targeting and to define the mechanistic contribution of ANP32E within the broader miR-548f-3p regulatory network.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27177589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T08:00:48Z","timestamp":1787644848000},"page":"7589","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Integrative\u00a0Molecular Profiling of miR-548f-3p in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Highlights ANP32E as a Candidate Downstream Effector"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Samira","family":"Behroozi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00a0  Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran 1497716316, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5539-5658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahdieh","family":"Salimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00a0  Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran 1497716316, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4284-6592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hossein","family":"Lanjanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7590-5179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Najaf","family":"Allahyari Fard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran 1497716316, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahsa","family":"Torkamanian-Afshar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Software Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Istanbul Topkapi University, 34087 Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitra","family":"Ataei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00a0  Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran 1497716316, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-03502-3","article-title":"Global patterns and trends in breast cancer incidence and mortality across 185 countries","volume":"31","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. 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