{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T13:20:30Z","timestamp":1787923230439,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"\u201cChongneng\u201d Xinjiang Tianshan Northern Foothills New Energy Base Project","award":["E6410601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E6410601"]}]},{"name":"Xinjiang Water Special Project","award":["2025.D-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025.D-001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Mol. Sci.","IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Saline irrigation is a major constraint on vegetation establishment in arid coal-mining landscapes. Nitraria tangutorum Bobrov is a xerohalophytic shrub established in the Dananhu mine-restoration area of Hami, Xinjiang, but its physiological responses to long-term saline irrigation remain insufficiently characterized. In this field study, approximately two-year-old plants were maintained for approximately two growing seasons under freshwater drip irrigation or irrigation water containing 8 or 12 g L\u22121 total dissolved solids. Unlike short-term controlled salinity assays that evaluate individual response pathways, the present field study integrates root and shoot responses across osmolyte accumulation, oxidative injury, redox regulation, nitrogen metabolism, phytohormone signaling, and lipid remodeling under long-term mixed-salt irrigation. Increasing salinity significantly reduced shoot total chlorophyll content, whereas shoot carotenoid content showed a nonsignificant numerical increase. Soluble sugars, proline, and soluble proteins increased, while total free amino acids declined. Superoxide anion (O2\u2212), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased progressively, demonstrating oxidative injury. The protein concentrations of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) increased, whereas glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and glutathione reductase (GR) declined. Concurrent decreases in ascorbic acid\/ascorbate (AsA) and reduced glutathione (GSH), together with increases in dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), indicated progressive oxidation of the cellular redox environment. Nitrate reductase (NR) declined under salinity, while glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) increased at 8 g L\u22121 but decreased at 12 g L\u22121. Growth-associated hormones declined, whereas stress-associated hormones increased. Together, these responses reveal a dose-dependent transition from co-occurring biochemical adjustment and oxidative injury at 8 g L\u22121 to broader redox and metabolic disruption at 12 g L\u22121 under long-term field irrigation. These variables provide candidate indicators of downstream salinity response, but ion homeostasis, plant water status, growth, survival, and long-term performance must be evaluated before salt tolerance or irrigation thresholds can be established.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27177694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T12:27:46Z","timestamp":1787920066000},"page":"7694","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Nitraria tangutorum to Long-Term Saline Irrigation in an Arid Coal-Mining Restoration Area"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3712-2103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdul","family":"Waheed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Resources and Environment, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China"},{"name":"Institute of Resources and Ecology, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Environmental Engineering Evaluation Center, Urumqi 830011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Meiquan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Zhongneng Electric Power Development Co., Ltd., Hami 839000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Xinlong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Zhongneng Electric Power Development Co., Ltd., Hami 839000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Tongxin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geographical Sciences and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Aili","family":"Aishajiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Hailiang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1007\/s10113-015-0831-0","article-title":"Species richness, structure, and conservation of Nitraria retusa communities in the coastal salt marshes of Kuwait","volume":"16","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reg. 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