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J. Mol. Sci.","IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced photoaging is associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. This study investigated the protective effects of a mixture of propolis and Petasites japonicus (PPJM) against UVB-induced photoaging in SKH-1 hairless mice. HPLC analysis identified bakkenolide B, chrysin, and pinocembrin as the representative marker compounds of PPJM. Mice were orally administered PPJM (50, 100, or 200 mg\/kg) daily for 6 weeks during repeated UVB irradiation (90 mJ\/cm2, three times per week). PPJM significantly restored the glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels that had been reduced by UVB exposure. PPJM also decreased dorsal skin tissue IL-1\u03b2 and TNF-\u03b1 levels while increasing hyaluronan levels. Histological analysis showed that PPJM attenuated UVB-induced epidermal thickening and collagen degradation. In addition, PPJM suppressed the expression of COX-2 and MMPs while increasing collagen type I and elastin expression. PPJM administration was also associated with reduced phosphorylation of p38 and JNK and with lower expression of c-Jun and FosB. These findings suggest that PPJM protects against UVB-induced photoaging in this preclinical model, in association with reduced oxidative stress and MAPK\/AP-1-related ECM degradation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27177702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T08:31:13Z","timestamp":1788251473000},"page":"7702","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Protective Effects of a Mixture of Propolis and Petasites japonicus Against UVB-Induced Photoaging Through Suppression of Oxidative Stress and MAPK\/AP-1 Signaling"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Jae Young","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Jun Hyeong","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Ji Hyeon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8272-2282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Byoung Ok","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Yong Kap","family":"Hur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute, Uniquebiotech Co., Ltd., Iksan 54576, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Mi Yeung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute, Uniquebiotech Co., Ltd., Iksan 54576, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Hyun Kyung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Management, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6259-5124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seon Il","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Health Management, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.138.11.1462","article-title":"Mechanisms of photoaging and chronological skin aging","volume":"138","author":"Fisher","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. 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