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J. Mol. Sci.","IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Deregulation of striatal neurotransmission is a key pathogenetic mechanism in neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism. In the present study, we applied a proteomic approach to demonstrate shifts in striatal protein expression in rats with heterozygous (DAT-Het) and homozygous (DAT-KO) dopamine transporter (DAT) gene knockouts. These animals model dose-dependent ADHD- and autism-like behaviors, ranging from slightly increased activity and social disturbances in DAT-Het rats to a pronounced phenotype in DAT-KO rats. We revealed pronounced changes in the proteomic profiles of both groups, associated primarily with deregulation of proteins involved in energy and carbon metabolism. Furthermore, we identified changes in vesicular transport proteins specific to DAT-KO and DAT-Het rats. Since these changes involved SNARE complex components, we evaluated SNARE mRNA expression in our models and public transcriptomic data for mouse models of neurodevelopmental disorders, including Mbd5 gene haploinsufficiency and a polygenic model of ADHD. No significant changes in mRNA levels were revealed in any model. Thus, the identified protein expression changes likely depend on post-transcriptional mechanisms. These data suggest a deregulation of metabolism in DAT-Het rats, which becomes more pronounced in DAT-KO rats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27177758","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T09:48:36Z","timestamp":1788256116000},"page":"7758","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative Proteomic Analysis of the Striatum in Heterozygous and Null DAT Knockout Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3675-0597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexey G.","family":"Mittenberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretskiy Prospekt, 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2866-9106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasia D.","family":"Belskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7\/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergey V.","family":"Shabelnikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretskiy Prospekt, 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2074-9081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zoya S.","family":"Fesenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7\/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2267-4990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Polina A.","family":"Sylko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7\/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Raul R.","family":"Gainetdinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7\/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0724-887X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna B.","family":"Volnova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7\/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"Center for Transgenesis and Genome Editing, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7\/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0101-1065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasia N.","family":"Vaganova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7\/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2130","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24560","article-title":"Dysfunction of the Corticostriatal Pathway in Autism Spectrum Disorders","volume":"98","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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