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J. Mol. Sci.","IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Direct human evidence linking Scrophularia ningpoensis to asthma is limited, and database-derived herb\u2013target records do not establish constituent exposure or target engagement. We used an evidence-audited molecular-informatics workflow to prioritize asthma airway-brushing-associated genes overlapping a frozen HERB export. GSE63142 was the discovery set, GSE67472 the independent airway-epithelial replication set, GSE137268 an induced-sputum cross-biospecimen transfer set, and GSE43696 a descriptive same-cohort reference because 105 of 108 identifiers overlapped GSE63142. Of 1266 measurable HERB-annotated targets, an 81-gene FDR-defined overlap did not exceed an expression-matched null (p = 0.0972), whereas a 19-gene strict overlap showed 2.27-fold enrichment (empirical p = 3.00 \u00d7 10\u22124) and 12 genes met the prespecified replication criterion in GSE67472. Provenance sensitivity retained two genes after database-mining-only edges were excluded and none under a direct-target-engagement requirement. Nested classifiers transferred to GSE67472, but not to sputum. Out-of-fold SHAP identified model-specific contributors, with moderate cross-cohort rank stability for LASSO (Spearman \u03c1 = 0.563) and random forest (\u03c1 = 0.693); SHAP was not interpreted as causal or herbal-target importance. These findings support computational prioritization and transferability assessment, not chemical presence, exposure, target binding, mechanism, or efficacy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27177886","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T17:13:25Z","timestamp":1788455605000},"page":"7886","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cross-Cohort Transcriptomic Prioritization and Chemical-Provenance Assessment of Asthma Airway-Brushing Genes Overlapping HERB-Annotated Scrophularia ningpoensis Targets"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9357-4358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinhao","family":"Zou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Dryness Syndrome in Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3376-8900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Siyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Dryness Syndrome in Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China"},{"name":"College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Global Initiative for Asthma (2026, July 12). 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