{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T10:08:36Z","timestamp":1788948516661,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Mol. Sci.","IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Failure of axonal maintenance is proposed as a mechanism shared by Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We reanalysed three public post-mortem resources under one rule set: bulk RNA-seq of 1242 samples from 319 donors (GSE153960) and midbrain single-nucleus RNA-seq (GSE157783, GSE178265). As a contributing project, a second batch variable tracked diagnosis in both cord segments and was completely separated from it in three cortical regions, which we removed. Adjusting for this removed a third of the naive differential expression. In ALS cord, the dominant depleted program was microtubule-based axonal transport (normalised enrichment score \u22122.40, FDR &lt; 0.001); a regeneration-associated panel reached significance in none of ten fits. An ALS cord signature carried into the PD midbrain and scored highest on microglia in all 11 donors (+3.55 versus +0.73 next). Of 86 gene sets significant in both diseases, a translation block contained the GCN2 amino-acid-deficiency response. Both axes are compartment-level: within PD microglia, the complement panel is null (+0.21, p = 0.57). No GCN2 activity was measured, and the ALS cord is compared against PD midbrain. The axes that survive this control are glial and translational; the axonal question is not adjudicable in PD, where the panel score tracks dopaminergic content.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27188011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T09:24:02Z","timestamp":1788945842000},"page":"8011","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Batch- and Composition-Controlled Reanalysis of Bulk and Single-Nucleus Transcriptomes Reveals Co-Enrichment of Glial Complement and of Translational Signatures in Parkinson\u2019s Disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Chaeyun","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4029-08.2009","article-title":"Single nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons form widely spread and highly dense axonal arborizations in the neostriatum","volume":"29","author":"Matsuda","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. 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