{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T05:06:46Z","timestamp":1789103206012,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI18\/01700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI18\/01700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["PI18\/01700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI18\/01700"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ca2c886","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RTC-2017-6471-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RTC-2017-6471-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["RTC-2017-6471-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RTC-2017-6471-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05r0vyz12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Funds"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017487","name":"Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico y de Energ\u00edas Renovables","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["OA23\/043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OA23\/043"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017487","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["OA23\/043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OA23\/043"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/015g99884","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Cabildo Insular de Tenerife","award":["CGIEU0000219140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CGIEU0000219140"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Mol. Sci.","IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rising reported Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) prevalence underscores the need to explore early perinatal biological markers. To conduct an exploratory pilot investigation of cord blood DNA methylation patterns as potential early epigenetic candidate loci associated with ASD in infants born to mothers with obesity and gestational diabetes. This prospective pilot study analyzed 14 mother-infant pairs comprising infants born to mothers with obesity and gestational diabetes later diagnosed with ASD (n = 2); healthy infants born to mothers with obesity and diabetes (IODM, n = 6); and healthy controls (IHM, n = 6). Targeted methyl-capture sequencing (covering 3.34 million CpG sites) identified differentially methylated region (DMR)-associated genes. Neurodevelopment was evaluated at 24\u201326 months using Bayley-III scales. ASD infants showed lower Bayley-III scores across all domains. In this small cohort (n = 2 ASD cases), we identified 249 DMR-associated genes common to both ASD vs. IHM and ASD vs. IODM comparisons, representing preliminary candidate loci. Enrichment analysis identified homophilic cell\u2013cell adhesion as the most significant pathway (fold enrichment = 8.28; FDR = 6.31 \u00d7 10\u22126), driven by the PCDH1\u2013PCDHA8 cluster, alongside morphogenesis in neuron differentiation (fold enrichment = 3.45; FDR = 2.08 \u00d7 10\u22122). Although prospective validation in larger independent cohorts is required, these pilot results suggest that cord blood PCDHA1\u2013PCDHA8 cluster methylation alterations represent preliminary candidate loci for hypothesis generation and future biomarker evaluation, regardless of maternal metabolic status.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27188038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T15:01:56Z","timestamp":1788966116000},"page":"8038","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Targeted 3.34-Million CpG Site Sequencing Reveals Preliminary Cord Blood Epigenetic Alterations of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study Highlighting the PCDHA1\u2013PCDHA8 Cluster"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Marina","family":"Armas-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Secci\u00f3n de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38320 La Laguna, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, 28007 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1401-5580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nieves Luisa","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Secci\u00f3n de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38320 La Laguna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0781-9161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrique","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-D\u00e1vila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mathematics, Statistics and Operations Research Department (IMAULL), University of La Laguna (ULL), 38320 La Laguna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Orribo-Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Secci\u00f3n de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38320 La Laguna, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Canary Islands University Hospital, 38320 La Laguna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0867-2920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Ram\u00f3n","family":"Castro-Conde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Secci\u00f3n de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38320 La Laguna, Spain"},{"name":"Pediatrics Department, Canary Islands University Hospital, 38320 La Laguna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Candelaria","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Secci\u00f3n de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38320 La Laguna, Spain"},{"name":"Pediatrics Department, Canary Islands University Hospital, 38320 La Laguna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5352-069X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Ntra. Sra. de Candelaria, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria de Canarias (IISC), 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico y de Energ\u00edas Renovables (ITER), 38600 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5135-2861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Miguel","family":"Lorenzo-Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico y de Energ\u00edas Renovables (ITER), 38600 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9022-8663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafaela","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Montelongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico y de Energ\u00edas Renovables (ITER), 38600 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1561-5898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adri\u00e1n","family":"Mu\u00f1oz-Barrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico y de Energ\u00edas Renovables (ITER), 38600 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5243-3244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika","family":"Padr\u00f3n-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Secci\u00f3n de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38320 La Laguna, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Canary Islands University Hospital, 38320 La Laguna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9941-9001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Tasc\u00f3n-Padr\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez Catal\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Secci\u00f3n de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38320 La Laguna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2013.10.013","article-title":"Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder","volume":"53","author":"Volkmar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Treccarichi, S., Vinci, M., Virgillito, M., Musumeci, A., Bruno, F., Papa, C., Rando, R.G., Marano, P., Greco, D., and Fallea, A. (2026). Unraveling the Genetic and Molecular Architecture of Autism Spectrum Disorder: Implications for Clinical Genetics and Genomic Diagnostics. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27073278"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2025, November 11). Autism. Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/autism-spectrum-disorders."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss7202a1","article-title":"Prevalence and Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years\u2014Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2020","volume":"72","author":"Maenner","year":"2023","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill. Summ."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rubinshtein, D., Zamstein, O., Wainstock, T., and Sheiner, E. (2026). Gestational diabetes mellitus and the risk of autism spectrum disorder in offspring: A population-based retrospective cohort study. Front. Clin. Diabetes Healthc., 7.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcdhc.2026.1754571"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(25)00036-1","article-title":"Association between maternal diabetes and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 202 observational studies comprising 56.1 million pregnancies","volume":"13","author":"Ye","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116987","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2026.116987","article-title":"Maternal pregnancy complications and offspring autism spectrum disorder risk: An umbrella review","volume":"358","author":"Zhu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2025.1162","article-title":"Diabetes Fact Sheet 2025: Special Edition on Diabetes with Obesity and in Pregnancy","volume":"50","author":"Park","year":"2026","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. J."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gholamalizadeh, H., Amiri-Shahri, M., Rasouli, F., Ansari, A., Baradaran-Rahimi, V., and Reza Askari, V. (2024). DNA Methylation in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Biomarker or Pharmacological Target?. Brain Sci., 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci14080737"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7413.488","article-title":"Diagnosis of autism","volume":"327","author":"Baird","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2025.09.005","article-title":"Genetic susceptibility to neurodevelopmental conditions associates with neonatal DNA methylation patterns in the general population: An individual participant data meta-analysis","volume":"100","author":"Schuurmans","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"The Gene Ontology Consortium (2021). The Gene Ontology resource: Enriching a Golden anniversary. Nucleic Acids Res., 49, D325\u2013D334."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"(2026, March 10). SFARI Gene: An Evolving Database for the Autism Research Community. Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative. Available online: https:\/\/gene.sfari.org\/."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2019.10.001","article-title":"The generation of a protocadherin cell-surface recognition code for neural circuit assembly","volume":"59","author":"Canzio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2024.11.008","article-title":"Chromosome X-wide common variant association study in autism spectrum disorder","volume":"112","author":"Mendes","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2023.147399","article-title":"Association of GABRG3, GABRB3, HTR2A gene variants with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"870","author":"Coskunpinar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2413011121","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2413011121","article-title":"Understanding paralogous epilepsy-associated GABAA receptor variants: Clinical implications, mechanisms, and potential pitfalls","volume":"121","author":"Kan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Granadillo, J.L., Kaster, L., Grewal, D., Schreiber, A., Abbacchi, A.M., Lanzotti, V., Gupta, A., Gurnett, C.A., and Kroll, K.L. (2025). Neurobehavioral Profiles and Clinical Consequences of MYT1L-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder: Insights from the Brain Gene Registry. medRxiv, Preprint.","DOI":"10.64898\/2025.12.01.25340510"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-020-00785-8","article-title":"Cord blood DNA methylome in newborns later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder reflects early dysregulation of neurodevelopmental and X-linked genes","volume":"12","author":"Mordaunt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Genome Med."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-025-00712-9","article-title":"Sex-specific DNA methylation signatures of autism spectrum disorder from whole genome bisulfite sequencing of newborn blood","volume":"16","author":"Mouat","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biol. Sex. Differ."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adq7934","article-title":"Midline Assembloids Reveal Regulators of Human Axon Guidance","volume":"389","author":"Onesto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Gonz\u00e1lez, N.L., Gonz\u00e1lez-D\u00e1vila, E., Castro-Conde, J.R., Gonz\u00e1lez-Campos, C., Orribo-Morales, O., and Flores, C. (2026). Infants exposed to maternal type 1 diabetes: Intrauterine epigenetic modifications and neurological development. Front. Endocrinol., 17.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1759949"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Gonz\u00e1lez, N.L., Armas-Gonz\u00e1lez, M., Gonz\u00e1lez-D\u00e1vila, E., Castro-Conde, J.R., Gonz\u00e1lez-Campo, C., and Flores, C. (2026). Association Between Maternal Gestational Diabetes, Cord Blood DNA Methylation, and Offspring Neurodevelopment. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27083571"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.07.011","article-title":"The role of epigenetic modifications in neurodevelopmental disorders: A systematic review","volume":"94","author":"Muka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stoccoro, A., Conti, E., Scaffei, E., Calderoni, S., Copped\u00e8, F., Migliore, L., and Battini, R. (2023). DNA Methylation Biomarkers for Young Children with Idiopathic Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24119138"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-0524","article-title":"Maternal Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Newborn DNA Methylation: Findings From the Pregnancy and Childhood Epigenetics Consortium","volume":"43","author":"Howe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2015.1100786","article-title":"Interindividual methylomic variation across blood, cortex, and cerebellum: Implications for epigenetic studies of neurological and neuropsychiatric phenotypes","volume":"10","author":"Hannon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1159\/000515251","article-title":"Maternal Thinness and Obesity and Customized Fetal Weight Charts","volume":"48","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fetal Diagn. Ther."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (2021). Obesity in Pregnancy: ACOG Practice Bulletin, Number 230. Obstet. Gynecol., 137, e128\u2013e144.","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000004395"},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2024). Obesity and Overweight, WHO. Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/obesity-and-overweight."},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"(2023, September 26). M-CHAT-R Test. Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers. Available online: https:\/\/mchatscreen.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/M-CHAT-R_F_Spanish_Spain.pdf."},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"Lord, C., Rutter, M., DiLavore, P., Risi, S., Gotham, K., and Bishop, S. (2012). Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Western Psychological Services. [2nd ed.]. (ADOS-2)."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bayley, N. (2006). Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Harcourt Assessment. [3rd ed.].","DOI":"10.1037\/t14978-000"},{"key":"ref_34","unstructured":"(2022, May 02). Tru Seq Methyl Capture EPIC Library Prep Kit Reference Guide. Document#1000000001643v01. Available online: https:\/\/support.illumina.com\/content\/dam\/illuminasupport\/documents\/documentation\/chemistry_documentation\/samplepreps_truseq\/truseqmethylcaptureepic\/truseq-methyl-cpture-library-prep-reference-guide-1000000001643-01.pdf."},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"(2022, May 02). bcl2fastq Conversion Software v2.20. Available online: https:\/\/support.illumina.com\/downloads\/bcl2fastq-conversion-software-v2-20.html."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr167","article-title":"Bismark: A flexible aligner and methylation caller for Bisulfite-Seq applications","volume":"27","author":"Krueger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref_37","unstructured":"University of California Santa Cruz Genomic Institute (2025, May 02). Genome Browser. Available online: https:\/\/genome-euro.ucsc.edu\/cgi-bin\/hgGateway?redirect=manual&source=genome.ucsc.edu."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R87","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2012-13-10-r87","article-title":"MethylKit: A comprehensive R package for the analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation profiles","volume":"13","author":"Akalin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D394","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa1106","article-title":"PANTHER version 16: A revised family classification, tree-based classification tool, enhancer regions and extensive API","volume":"49","author":"Mi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/27\/18\/8038\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T04:21:47Z","timestamp":1789100507000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/27\/18\/8038"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms27188038"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms27188038","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]}}}