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J. Mol. Sci.","IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is a rapid, reversible DNA damage response that promotes chromatin remodeling and the recruitment of repair factors. Genome maintenance also involves regulating the assembly, chromatin residence, exchange, and disengagement of repair proteins after lesion processing. This review examines PARylation through the lens of repair protein dynamics, distinguishing direct poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR)-dependent regulation from PAR-associated events and broader nuclear protein quality-control pathways. The strongest evidence concerns recruitment and chromatin residence. PAR binding drives XRCC1 accumulation at base excision repair (BER) and single-strand break (SSB) intermediates. In contrast, auto-PARylation promotes PARP1 release, and PARP inhibition favors persistent PARP1\u2013DNA complexes that may require SUMO\u2013RNF4\u2013UFD1\u2013p97\/VCP-dependent extraction. In nucleotide excision repair (NER), PARP1-associated DDB2 regulation, ALC1 recruitment, and chromatin remodeling intersect with ubiquitin-dependent DDB2\u2013XPC exchange. PAR-dependent condensation may add a spatial layer of protein organization, although its contribution remains context-dependent. We further discuss implications for PARP- and PARG-directed therapy and research-stage functional readouts. Together, these observations define a testable proteostatic-rheostat framework in which variable PAR signals influence the recruitment of selected repair proteins and subsequent chromatin residence; meanwhile, later extraction and turnover involve distinct, intersecting quality-control mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27198495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T12:36:07Z","timestamp":1790166967000},"page":"8495","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["PARylation at the Genome\u2013Proteome Interface: Regulation of DNA Repair Protein Dynamics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3276-8957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Su-Jin","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women\u2019s University, Seoul 02748, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9266-2274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiwon","family":"Eom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Innovative Biomaterial Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1608-5174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yubin","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Innovative Biomaterial Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3753-0747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soobin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Innovative Biomaterial Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7371-0124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunbok","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Innovative Biomaterial Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Regulatory Science Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.01.002","article-title":"Endogenous DNA Damage as a Source of Genomic Instability in Cancer","volume":"168","author":"Tubbs","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-21-1059","article-title":"Hallmarks of Cancer: New Dimensions","volume":"12","author":"Hanahan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2022.02.021","article-title":"The expanding universe of PARP1-mediated molecular and therapeutic mechanisms","volume":"82","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. 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