{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T04:56:53Z","timestamp":1790830613771,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Mol. Sci.","IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Somatostatin receptor (SSTR)\u2013targeted imaging and therapy are established approaches for neuroendocrine tumors, but accumulating evidence indicates that SSTRs are also expressed in various non-neuroendocrine tumors. This review aimed to summarize their expression patterns, imaging characteristics, and theranostic potential. Published evidence was reviewed for central nervous system tumors, head and neck cancers, thyroid carcinoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, lymphoma, and melanoma, with particular attention to the cellular localization of SSTR expression and the mechanisms underlying radiotracer uptake. Meningioma, non-keratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and selected estrogen receptor\u2013positive breast cancers show relatively prominent tumor-cell SSTR expression. In several other malignancies, SSTR expression may predominantly involve tumor-associated macrophages, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, or other stromal components. Imaging findings are heterogeneous across and within tumor types. Preliminary studies suggest that peptide receptor radionuclide therapy may provide clinical benefit in selected patients with SSTR-positive non-neuroendocrine tumors, although the available evidence remains limited and largely non-prospective. Further studies integrating quantitative molecular imaging, spatial pathology, and molecular profiling are needed to clarify receptor biology, establish patient-selection criteria, and define the clinical role of SSTR-targeted theranostics beyond neuroendocrine tumors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27198687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T09:10:54Z","timestamp":1790673054000},"page":"8687","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Somatostatin Receptor Expression and Theranostic Applications Across Non-Neuroendocrine Tumors:  A Molecular-to-Clinical Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1177-6333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaobo","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Fundamental and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justine","family":"Maes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, AZ Groeninge, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Maes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, AZ Groeninge, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvie","family":"Rottey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fundamental and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"},{"name":"Cancer Research Institute Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Van de Wiele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, AZ Groeninge, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102819","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/102819","article-title":"Somatostatin receptor-based molecular imaging and therapy for neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"2013","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomed. 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