{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T04:58:46Z","timestamp":1790830726596,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bulgarian National Science Fund","award":["K\u03a0-06-KOCT\/14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K\u03a0-06-KOCT\/14"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05eg49r29","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["K\u03a0-06-KOCT\/14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K\u03a0-06-KOCT\/14"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05eg49r29","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Mol. Sci.","IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, oxidative stress, and amyloid-beta accumulation. Natural products with antioxidant and stress-response-modulating properties are increasingly being investigated as candidate neuroprotective agents. In this study, we evaluated the effects of Rhodiola rosea L. extract, salidroside, and rosavin in Caenorhabditis elegans models of AD. Phenotypic, behavioral, biochemical, and molecular assays were used to assess locomotion, egg laying, chemotaxis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), gene expression, and amyloid-like aggregation. The extract and its related compounds improved locomotor performance, partially rescued reproductive and sensory defects, reduced ROS accumulation, modulated stress-response genes including skn-1\/nrf2, daf-2, and sod-1, and decreased thioflavin-S-positive aggregates. Together, these findings support the potential neuroprotective effect of R. rosea extract and its key marker compounds, suggesting the involvement of conserved antioxidant pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27198701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T12:09:25Z","timestamp":1790683765000},"page":"8701","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of Rhodiola rosea L. Extract on Alzheimer\u2019s Disease-like Symptoms in Caenorhabditis elegans"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9890-753X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aina","family":"Bellver-Sanchis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5424-9130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Gri\u00f1\u00e1n-Ferr\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9676-7123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylvain","family":"Sutour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuch\u00e2tel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuch\u00e2tel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, 2000 Neuch\u00e2tel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7660-683X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrey S.","family":"Marchev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Eukaryotic Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 139 Ruski Blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2015.10.006","article-title":"The Authenticity and Quality of Rhodiola rosea Products","volume":"23","author":"Booker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1556\/JPC.24.2011.2.6","article-title":"Quantitative HPTLC Analysis of Phenylpropanoids in Rhodiola Species","volume":"24","author":"Rumalla","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Planar Chromatogr.\u2014Mod. TLC"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ko\u0142tun-Jasion, M., Czerwiec, K., Parzonko, A., Bakiera, A., O\u017carowski, M., and Kiss, A.K. (2025). Comprehensive Profiling of Rhodiola rosea Roots and Corresponding Products: Phytochemical Insights and Modulation of Neuroinflammation in BV2 Microglial Cell Model. Front. Pharmacol., 16.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1608767"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2010.02.002","article-title":"Rosenroot (Rhodiola rosea): Traditional Use, Chemical Composition, Pharmacology and Clinical Efficacy","volume":"17","author":"Panossian","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2017.02.009","article-title":"Altered Expression of TRAIL on Mouse T Cells via ERK Phosphorylation by Rhodiola rosea L. and Its Marker Compounds","volume":"108","author":"Marchev","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nikolaichuk, H., Studzi\u0144ski, M., Stankevi\u010d, M., and Choma, I.M. (2022). Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation of Rosavin, Salidroside, and p-Tyrosol in Artic Root Products via TLC-Screening, HPLC-DAD, and NMR Spectroscopy. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202211.0072.v1"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.26444\/aaem\/213417","article-title":"Clinical Evidence for the Adaptogenic Effects of Withania somnifera and Rhodiola rosea\u2014A Systematic Review with Molecular Interpretation of Psychometric Outcomes","volume":"33","author":"Kocki","year":"2026","journal-title":"Ann. Agric. Environ. Med."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ivanova Stojcheva, E., and Quintela, J.C. (2022). The Effectiveness of Rhodiola rosea L. Preparations in Alleviating Various Aspects of Life-Stress Symptoms and Stress-Induced Conditions\u2014Encouraging Clinical Evidence. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27123902"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-022-00338-8","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Epidemiology and Clinical Progression","volume":"11","author":"Byrnes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-022-00749-z","article-title":"Synaptic Degeneration in Alzheimer Disease","volume":"19","author":"Tzioras","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-024-01104-7","article-title":"Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer Disease","volume":"25","author":"Heneka","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.332127","article-title":"Amyloid-Beta Peptide and Tau Protein Crosstalk in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"17","author":"Roda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2022.101619","article-title":"Oxidative Stress: The Core Pathogenesis and Mechanism of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"77","author":"Bai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00030.2022","article-title":"Oxidative Damage in Neurodegeneration: Roles in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Alzheimer Disease","volume":"104","author":"Perluigi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"fcad356","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcad356","article-title":"Role of Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Review of Reactive Oxygen Species and Prevention by Antioxidants","volume":"6","author":"Houldsworth","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Commun."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dmm046110","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.046110","article-title":"Modeling Neurodegeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"13","author":"Caldwell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dis. Models Mech."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alvarez, J., Alvarez-Illera, P., Santo-Domingo, J., Fonteriz, R.I., and Montero, M. (2022). Modeling Alzheimer\u2019s Disease in Caenorhabditis elegans. Biomedicines, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10020288"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22697","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C109.028514","article-title":"The Caenorhabditis elegans A\u03b21\u201342 Model of Alzheimer Disease Predominantly Expresses A\u03b23\u201342","volume":"284","author":"McColl","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2011.06.010","article-title":"The Golden Root, Rhodiola rosea, Prolongs Lifespan but Decreases Oxidative Stress Resistance in Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae","volume":"18","author":"Bayliak","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/s10068-020-00868-7","article-title":"Neuroprotective Effects of Ethanolic Extract from Dry Rhodiola rosea L. Rhizomes","volume":"30","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytol.2016.12.030","article-title":"Phytochemical Variations of Rhodiola rosea L. Wild-Grown in Bulgaria","volume":"20","author":"Marchev","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phytochem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.2940","article-title":"Authenticity and Quality Evaluation of Different Rhodiola Species and Commercial Products Based on NMR-spectroscopy and HPLC","volume":"31","author":"Marchev","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phytochem. Anal."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xue, J.-H., Yu, H.-J., Li, L.-J., Lu, G.-H., Li, P.-S., Cheng, X., Luo, Q., Wu, W., and Bi, Z.-S. (2026). Biosynthesis of Active Small Molecule Prenylsalidroside a and Its Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Nat. Prod. Res., 1\u201310.","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2026.2661271"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11484","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules171011484","article-title":"The Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Phenolic Compounds Isolated from the Root of Rhodiola sachalinensis A. BOR","volume":"17","author":"Choe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.1262","article-title":"Metabolic Profiling of Rhodiola rosea Rhizomes by1 H NMR Spectroscopy","volume":"22","author":"Ioset","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phytochem. Anal."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.2391","article-title":"Purification of Phenylalkanoids and Monoterpene Glycosides from Rhodiola rosea L. Roots by High-speed Counter-current Chromatography","volume":"24","author":"Mudge","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phytochem. Anal."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"319","article-title":"Phenolic Compounds from Limonium Pruinosum","volume":"10","author":"Boudermine","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Commun."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2012.10.005","article-title":"Effect of Provenance, Plant Part and Processing on Extract Profiles from Cultivated European Rhodiola rosea L. for Medicinal Use","volume":"86","author":"Peschel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Noleto-Dias, C., Wu, Y., Bellisai, A., Macalpine, W., Beale, M.H., and Ward, J.L. (2019). Phenylalkanoid Glycosides (Non-Salicinoids) from Wood Chips of Salix Triandra \u00d7 Dasyclados Hybrid Willow. Molecules, 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24061152"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006232023274","article-title":"Rosavin as a Product of Glycosylation by Rhodiola rosea (Roseroot) Cell Cultures","volume":"56","author":"Furmanowa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Plant Cell Tissue Organ. Cult."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.09.030","article-title":"Measuring Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species with Fluorescent Probes: Challenges and Limitations","volume":"52","author":"Kalyanaraman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytol.2024.01.007","article-title":"Two New Compounds from Rhodiola rosea and Their Anti-Hypoxic Activities","volume":"60","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytochem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/s11101-016-9453-5","article-title":"Rhodiola rosea L.: From Golden Root to Green Cell Factories","volume":"15","author":"Marchev","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phytochem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1034288","article-title":"Phenylalkanoids and Monoterpene Analogues from the Roots of Rhodiola rosea","volume":"74","author":"Ali","year":"2008","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2022.134779","article-title":"Phytochemical Profile, in Vitro Bioaccessibility, and Anticancer Potential of Golden Root (Rhodiola rosea L.) Extracts","volume":"404","author":"Sugier","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Booker, A., Zhai, L., Gkouva, C., Li, S., and Heinrich, M. (2016). From Traditional Resource to Global Commodities:\u2014A Comparison of Rhodiola Species Using NMR Spectroscopy\u2014Metabolomics and HPTLC. Front. Pharmacol., 7.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2016.00254"},{"key":"ref_37","unstructured":"Brown, R.P., Gerbarg, P., and Ramazanov, Z. (2002). Rhodiola rosea: A Phytomedicinal Overview. HerbalGram, 40\u201352."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.19163\/2307-9266-2021-9-3-185-194","article-title":"Standardization Problems of Medicinal Preparations from Rhodiola rosea L.","volume":"9","author":"Kurkin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2015.10.037","article-title":"Age and Harvest Season Affect the Phenylpropenoid Content in Cultivated European Rhodiola rosea L.","volume":"83","author":"Peschel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Erst, A.A., Kotsupiy, O.V., Erst, A.S., and Kuznetsov, A.A. (2023). Individual Differences in Growth and in Accumulation of Secondary Metabolites in Rhodiola rosea Cultivated in Western Siberia. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241411244"},{"key":"ref_41","unstructured":"(2026, August 20). Community Herbal Monograph on Rhodiola rosea L., Rhizoma et Radix. Available online: https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/herbal-monograph\/draft-community-herbal-monograph-rhodiola-rosea-first-version_en.pdf."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alperth, F., Turek, I., Weiss, S., Vogt, D., and Bucar, F. (2019). Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Different Rhodiola rosea Rhizome Extracts by UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn. Sci. Pharm., 87.","DOI":"10.3390\/scipharm87020008"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.17660\/ActaHortic.2015.1098.7","article-title":"Glycoside Content in Rhodiola rosea L.: Dynamics and Expression Pattern of Genes Involved in the Synthesis of Rosavins","volume":"1098","author":"Mirmazloum","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Hortic."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bse.2024.104860","article-title":"Secondary Metabolites in Rhizomes of Wild Rhodiola rosea Representatives from Various Ecological and Geographical Conditions in the Altai Mountains","volume":"116","author":"Kotsupiy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochem. Syst. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chu, C.-T., Uruno, A., Katsuoka, F., and Yamamoto, M. (2024). Role of NRF2 in Pathogenesis of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Antioxidants, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13121529"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2020.101206","article-title":"Nrf2: A Dark Horse in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Treatment","volume":"64","author":"Osama","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ynstr.2018.04.002","article-title":"The Relationship between Stress and Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"8","author":"Justice","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Stress"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-008-9151-9","article-title":"Plant Adaptogens Increase Lifespan and Stress Resistance in C. Elegans","volume":"10","author":"Wiegant","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biogerontology"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4471","DOI":"10.1039\/D0FO02974B","article-title":"Rhodiola Extract Promotes Longevity and Stress Resistance of Caenorhabditis elegans via DAF-16 and SKN-1","volume":"12","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfutfo.2022.08.008","article-title":"Effects of Rhodiola rosea and Its Major Compounds on Insulin Resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"2","author":"Teng","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Future Foods"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-015-9622-8","article-title":"Rhodiola rosea Extends Lifespan and Improves Stress Tolerance in Silkworm, Bombyx Mori","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biogerontology"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-2395-2-5","article-title":"Lifespan Extension and Delay of Age-Related Functional Decline Caused by Rhodiola rosea depends on Dietary Macronutrient Balance","volume":"2","author":"Gospodaryov","year":"2013","journal-title":"Longev. Heal."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2023.110540","article-title":"Rhodiola rosea and Salidroside Commonly Induce Hormesis, with Particular Focus on Longevity and Neuroprotection","volume":"380","author":"Calabrese","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem.-Biol. Interact."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sirwani, N., Hedtke, S.M., Grant, K., McColl, G., and Grant, W.N. (2024). Levels of Amyloid Beta (A\u03b2) Expression in the Caenorhabditis elegans Neurons Influence the Onset and Severity of Neuronally Mediated Phenotypes. Cells, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13181598"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8855","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.7b03224","article-title":"Rose Essential Oil Delayed Alzheimer\u2019s Disease-Like Symptoms by SKN-1 Pathway in C. elegans","volume":"65","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1007\/s12640-019-00133-8","article-title":"Comparing the Neuroprotective Effects of Caffeic Acid in Rat Cortical Slices and Caenorhabditis elegans: Involvement of Nrf2 and SKN-1 Signaling Pathways","volume":"37","author":"Colonnello","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurotox. Res."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpc.2022.109533","article-title":"Black Rice Anthocyanin Extract Enhances the Antioxidant Capacity in PC12 Cells and Improves the Lifespan by Activating IIS Pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"265","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part C Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Okorie, J., and Hand, L. (2025). Resveratrol Enhances Associative Learning and Memory Function in C. elegans Models of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: A Chemotaxis-Based Behavioral Analysis. bioRxiv.","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.09.25.678260"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3195","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-024-04457-1","article-title":"Insulin-Like Growth Factor Signaling in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Strategies","volume":"62","author":"Miao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.3233\/NHA-160009","article-title":"Neuronal Functions of FOXO\/DAF-16","volume":"4","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutr. Healthy Aging"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103065","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2024.103065","article-title":"SKN-1 Is Indispensable for Protection against A\u03b2-Induced Proteotoxicity by a Selenopeptide Derived from Cordyceps Militaris","volume":"70","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, X., Yan, B., Wu, Y., Quan, W., Liu, Y., Huang, Y., Shao, Y., Wang, Y., Zhou, Q., and Liu, Y. (2025). Selaginella Extracts Extend Lifespan and Mitigate Oxidative Stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. Front. Pharmacol., 16.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1658991"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.13052","article-title":"Curcumin and a Hemi-Analogue with Improved Blood\u2013Brain Barrier Permeability Protect against Amyloid-Beta Toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans via SKN-1\/Nrf Activation","volume":"71","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bei, Y., Wang, T., and Guan, S. (2025). Berberine Extends Lifespan in C. elegans Through Multi-Target Synergistic Antioxidant Effects. Antioxidants, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14040450"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1038\/s41538-025-00456-1","article-title":"Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Molecular Mechanism by Which Chinese Olive Fruit Prolongs Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"9","author":"Miao","year":"2025","journal-title":"npj Sci. Food"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2015.10.009","article-title":"Lycopene Attenuates A\u03b21\u201342 Secretion and Its Toxicity in Human Cell and Caenorhabditis elegans Models of Alzheimer Disease","volume":"608","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13102","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3448-06.2006","article-title":"Amyloid-\u03b2-Induced Pathological Behaviors Are Suppressed by Ginkgo Biloba Extract EGb 761 and Ginkgolides in Transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"26","author":"Wu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1954","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-020-0317-5","article-title":"Reproducible Molecular Networking of Untargeted Mass Spectrometry Data Using GNPS","volume":"15","author":"Aron","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/27\/19\/8701\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T04:30:07Z","timestamp":1790829007000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/27\/19\/8701"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms27198701"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms27198701","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]}}}