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Sci.","IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) are a family of highly glycosylated proteins that play an important role in the reproductive process of flowering plants. This review summarizes current knowledge of arabinogalactan proteins at various stages of male and female gametophyte development and in the regulation of their interactions\u2014from pollen grain contact with the stigma, through pollen tube (PT) germination and its guided growth toward the embryo sac, to sperm cell delivery to the egg cell. Particular attention is given to the involvement of AGPs in pollen\u2013pistil recognition, pollen tube growth and guidance, self-incompatibility, and reproductive barriers associated with distant hybridization. By integrating recent findings, we highlight the diverse structural and functional roles of AGPs in reproductive processes and discuss current limitations in understanding their molecular mechanisms. The review also identifies key open questions and promising directions for future research on AGP-mediated regulation of reproductive interactions in angiosperms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27198736","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T09:25:42Z","timestamp":1790760342000},"page":"8736","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Arabinogalactan Proteins in Pollen\u2013Pistil Interactions: Molecular Regulators of Reproductive Barriers and Compatibility"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6600-1693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oksana Alekseevna","family":"Muratova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexei Nikolaevich","family":"Natyrov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2679-424X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatiana Petrovna","family":"Molchanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larisa Ivanovna","family":"Fedoreyeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5647-9901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergey Alekseevich","family":"Bursakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina Vladimirovna","family":"Zakharova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"377","article-title":"Resultate einer Revision der Befruchtungsvorgange bei Lilium martagon und Fritillaria tenella","volume":"9","author":"Navashin","year":"1898","journal-title":"Bull. 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