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J. Mol. Sci.","IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bioprospecting is the identification and exploitation of natural resources for commercial purposes. Cheese whey is a major dairy by-product rich in nutrients and a possible source of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify lactic acid bacteria from cheese whey and characterize them based on their probiotic and technological properties, together with their cytotoxicity and cytoprotective effect on intestinal epithelial cells. From 142 isolates, three were selected as potential probiotic strains; all three were identified as Limosilactobacillus fermentum by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The strains co-aggregated with pathogenic bacteria (up to 52.7%), scavenged the ABTS\u25cf+ radical cation (10\u201370%), produced 374\u2013459 mg\/L of exopolysaccharides and tolerated sucrose, NaCl and CaCl2 at the concentrations tested. L. fermentum VM016, VM023 and VM030 showed no cytotoxicity at 107 CFU\/mL and showed a cytoprotective effect against the oxidative stress of menadione at concentrations as low as 104 CFU\/mL in IEC-18 cells, and 105 CFU\/mL in Caco-2 cells. These results show that cheese whey retains a cultivable lactic acid bacteria fraction already adapted to the physicochemical conditions of the dairy matrix, from which autochthonous cultures can be recovered exhibiting probiotic potential, technological suitability, and favorable preliminary safety indicators for human consumption.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27198860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:31:31Z","timestamp":1791203491000},"page":"8860","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bioprospecting of Cheese Whey: Isolation, Safety and Cytoprotective Effects of Limosilactobacillus fermentum Strains on Intestinal Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9052-8874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ladislao Iv\u00e1n","family":"D\u00edaz Vergara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaci\u00f3n y Transferencia Agroalimentaria y Biotecnol\u00f3gica (IMITAB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET), Instituto Acad\u00e9mico Pedag\u00f3gico de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de Villa Mar\u00eda (UNVM), Villa Mar\u00eda 5900, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina del Rosario","family":"Bettiol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaci\u00f3n y Transferencia Agroalimentaria y Biotecnol\u00f3gica (IMITAB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET), Instituto Acad\u00e9mico Pedag\u00f3gico de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de Villa Mar\u00eda (UNVM), Villa Mar\u00eda 5900, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2736-5847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonella Mar\u00eda","family":"Centomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaci\u00f3n y Transferencia Agroalimentaria y Biotecnol\u00f3gica (IMITAB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET), Instituto Acad\u00e9mico Pedag\u00f3gico de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de Villa Mar\u00eda (UNVM), Villa Mar\u00eda 5900, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2380-906X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lilia Ren\u00e9","family":"Cavaglieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of R\u00edo Cuarto, C\u00f3rdoba 5800, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0872-755X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana Ang\u00e9lica","family":"Montenegro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaci\u00f3n y Transferencia Agroalimentaria y Biotecnol\u00f3gica (IMITAB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET), Instituto Acad\u00e9mico Pedag\u00f3gico de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de Villa Mar\u00eda (UNVM), Villa Mar\u00eda 5900, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7500-0051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanina Estefan\u00eda","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaci\u00f3n y Transferencia Agroalimentaria y Biotecnol\u00f3gica (IMITAB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET), Instituto Acad\u00e9mico Pedag\u00f3gico de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de Villa Mar\u00eda (UNVM), Villa Mar\u00eda 5900, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"405","article-title":"Healthy Eating as a Trend: Consumers\u2019 Perceptions towards Products with Nutrition and Health Claims","volume":"23","author":"Duarte","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev. 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