{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T01:51:54Z","timestamp":1791597114100,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Mol. Sci.","IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a membrane cation channel activated by oxidative stress products that are chronically elevated in class III obesity. Although tissue-level TRPA1 biology is increasingly well described, the biological meaning of circulating immunoreactive TRPA1 remains poorly established. This single-centre, prospective, controlled observational study compared preoperative serum TRPA1 between adults with class III obesity scheduled for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and contemporaneous controls, and explored metabolic and inflammatory correlates of the circulating signal. Serum TRPA1 was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 42 consecutive surgical candidates and 36 controls. The primary analysis used continuous (log-transformed) TRPA1 with age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression; ROC-derived dichotomisation was retained only as an exploratory analysis. Serum TRPA1 did not differ between groups (median 309.8 vs. 340.5 pg\/mL; Mann\u2013Whitney U, p = 0.323; Hodges\u2013Lehmann median difference [obesity \u2212 control] \u221230.8 pg\/mL, bootstrap 95% CI \u2212227.43 to 43.02). After adjustment for age and sex, continuous log-TRPA1 was not independently associated with obesity status (OR per log-unit 0.88, 95% CI 0.46\u20131.69; p = 0.699), and discrimination was poor (AUC 0.435; 95% CI 0.305\u20130.562). Established inflammatory and metabolic markers differed between groups, but serum TRPA1 did not track them. In this cohort, preoperative serum TRPA1 did not distinguish class III obesity from controls. The negative circulating finding should be interpreted as lack of evidence for a large between-group difference in ELISA-measured serum TRPA1\u2014and as a potential translational disconnect from tissue TRPA1 biology\u2014rather than as the definitive exclusion of any tissue-level role for the channel.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27198919","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T01:40:17Z","timestamp":1791596417000},"page":"8919","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Preoperative Serum Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) Levels in Class III Obesity: A Prospective Controlled Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Nizamettin","family":"Kutluer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Elaz\u0131\u011f Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elaz\u0131\u011f 23300, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Onur","family":"A\u011f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Elaz\u0131\u011f Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elaz\u0131\u011f 23300, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Tamer","family":"G\u00fcndo\u011fdu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Elaz\u0131\u011f Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elaz\u0131\u011f 23300, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7698-9586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet Zeki","family":"\u00d6\u011f\u00fct","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Elaz\u0131\u011f Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elaz\u0131\u011f 23300, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Denizhan","family":"K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Malatya Training and Research Hospital, Malatya 44000, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Hakan","family":"Ayy\u0131ld\u0131z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Elaz\u0131\u011f Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elaz\u0131\u011f 23300, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Serhat","family":"Do\u011fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Special Kayseri D\u00fcnyam Hospital, Kayseri 38010, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5573-2645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet Bu\u011fra","family":"Bozan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Elaz\u0131\u011f Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elaz\u0131\u011f 23300, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C375","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00379.2020","article-title":"Adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in obesity","volume":"320","author":"Kawai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"e22711","article-title":"Obesity: A chronic low-grade inflammation and its markers","volume":"14","author":"Khanna","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2009.07.003","article-title":"Roles of the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynonenal in obesity, the metabolic syndrome, and associated vascular and neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"44","author":"Mattson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barrera, G., Pizzimenti, S., Daga, M., Dianzani, C., Arcaro, A., Cetrangolo, G.P., Giordano, G., Cucci, M.A., Graf, M., and Gentile, F. (2018). Lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes, 4-hydroxynonenal and malondialdehyde in aging-related disorders. Antioxidants, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox7080102"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00005.2019","article-title":"Mammalian transient receptor potential TRPA1 channels: From structure to disease","volume":"100","author":"Talavera","year":"2020","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-030212-183811","article-title":"TRPA1: A gatekeeper for inflammation","volume":"75","author":"Bautista","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/112_2014_18","article-title":"The TRPA1 channel in inflammatory and neuropathic pain and migraine","volume":"167","author":"Nassini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev. Physiol. Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.4161\/chan.5.6.18016","article-title":"The role of TRPA1 in visceral inflammation and pain","volume":"5","author":"Lapointe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Channels"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Landini, L., Souza Monteiro de Araujo, D., Titiz, M., Geppetti, P., Nassini, R., and De Logu, F. (2022). TRPA1 role in inflammatory disorders: What is known so far?. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23094529"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aww038","article-title":"TRPA1 mediates trigeminal neuropathic pain in mice downstream of monocytes\/macrophages and oxidative stress","volume":"139","author":"Trevisan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174553","article-title":"TRPA1: Pharmacology, natural activators and role in obesity prevention","volume":"912","author":"Mahajan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-015-0529-x","article-title":"Potential therapeutic value of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in diabetes mellitus and obesity","volume":"38","author":"Derbenev","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin. Immunopathol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093925","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1093925","article-title":"Inflammation\u2014The role of TRPA1 channel","volume":"14","author":"Yao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3177\/jnsv.58.9","article-title":"Ingestion of cinnamaldehyde, a TRPA1 agonist, reduces visceral fats in mice fed a high-fat and high-sucrose diet","volume":"58","author":"Tamura","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b18-00063","article-title":"Role of thermo-sensitive transient receptor potential channels in brown adipose tissue","volume":"41","author":"Uchida","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-021-00967-3","article-title":"Combination of TRP channel dietary agonists induces energy expending and glucose utilizing phenotype in HFD-fed mice","volume":"46","author":"Kaur","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1007\/s12576-017-0552-x","article-title":"Involvement of thermosensitive TRP channels in energy metabolism","volume":"67","author":"Uchida","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2631","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-019-03926-0","article-title":"Effect of bariatric surgery on serum inflammatory factors of obese patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Askarpour","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-012-0473-3","article-title":"Inflammatory markers and bariatric surgery: A meta-analysis","volume":"61","author":"Rao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18500","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-55133-7","article-title":"Validation of antibodies for the specific detection of human TRPA1","volume":"9","author":"Virk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00053","article-title":"Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 channel expression on peripheral blood leukocytes from rheumatoid arthritic patients and correlation with pain and disability","volume":"8","author":"Pereira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411031","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2024.1411031","article-title":"Serum TRPA1 mediates the association between olfactory function and cognitive function","volume":"16","author":"Liang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnv088","article-title":"Correlation between DNA methylation of TRPA1 and chronic pain states in human whole blood cells","volume":"17","author":"Sukenaga","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain Med."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"World Medical Association (2013). World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA, 310, 2191\u20132194.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181577511","article-title":"Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): Explanation and elaboration","volume":"18","author":"Vandenbroucke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","article-title":"Controlling the false discovery rate: A practical and powerful approach to multiple testing","volume":"57","author":"Benjamini","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. B Stat. Methodol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.2307\/2531595","article-title":"Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: A nonparametric approach","volume":"44","author":"DeLong","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biometrics"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/27\/19\/8919\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T01:45:58Z","timestamp":1791596758000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/27\/19\/8919"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms27198919"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms27198919","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]}}}