{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:49:18Z","timestamp":1787316558924,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJNS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The absence of biochemical newborn screening (NBS) delays the diagnosis and treatment of congenital hypothyroidism (CH), resulting in irreversible neurodevelopmental damage. To determine the age at diagnosis for CH among Algerian children and to describe its clinical and biological characteristics, etiology, and outcome, we conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study involving 288 children with CH across 20 pediatric centers between 2005 and 2023. The median age at diagnosis was 1.6 months, and only 28% of patients started treatment before 30 days. Prolonged neonatal jaundice was the most frequently presented symptom (58%), severe CH (fT4 &lt; 5 pmol\/L) was observed in 35% and 52% received an insufficient initial dose of L-T4. The median IQ of the 47 patients tested was 86; 11% had an IQ &lt; 70, and a negative correlation was found between age at diagnosis and IQ (r = \u22120.48, p = 0.001). In children reassessed at age 3, 51% had normal thyroid function, indicating transient CH. Delayed diagnosis and suboptimal treatment of CH remain major challenges in Algeria, leading to substantial neurodevelopmental deficits. Pediatricians must remain cognizant of early clinical signs of CH to allow for timely diagnosis and intervention. Biochemical NBS for CH in Algeria is needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijns11030078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T07:33:02Z","timestamp":1758007982000},"page":"78","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Burden of Congenital Hypothyroidism Without Newborn Screening: Clinical and Cognitive Findings from a Multicenter Study in Algeria"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7237-2514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adel","family":"Djermane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Science, Algiers 16028, Algeria"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Hassan Badi Public Hospital, Algiers 16051, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmine","family":"Ouarezki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Science, Algiers 16028, Algeria"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Hassan Badi Public Hospital, Algiers 16051, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamelia","family":"Boulesnane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Science, Algiers 16028, Algeria"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Bab El Oued Teaching Hospital, Algiers 16008, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakina","family":"Kherra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Science, Algiers 16028, Algeria"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Nafissa Hamoud Teaching Hospital, Algiers 16040, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0798-3498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fadila","family":"Bouferoua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Science, Algiers 16028, Algeria"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Beni Messous Teaching Hospital, Algiers 16026, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mimouna","family":"Bessahraoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Canastel Children\u2019s Hospital, Oran 31130, Algeria"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Oran, Oran 31000, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nihad","family":"Selim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Annaba, Annaba 23000, Algeria"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Saint Therese Clinic, Annaba 23000, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larbi","family":"Djahlat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, Mascara 29006, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kahina","family":"Mohammedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Science, Algiers 16028, Algeria"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Ain Taya Public Hospital, Algiers 16019, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karim","family":"Bouziane Nedjadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Oran, Oran 31000, Algeria"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Oran Teaching Hospital, Oran 31000, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hakima","family":"Abes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Douira Teaching Hospital, Algiers 16049, Algeria"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Blida, Blida 09000, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meriem","family":"Bensalah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Science, Algiers 16028, Algeria"},{"name":"Endocrinology Unit, Central Hospital of Army, Algiers 16208, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dyaeddine","family":"Lograb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, Boussada 28200, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Foued","family":"Abdelaziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, Annaba 23000, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalila","family":"Douiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Science, Algiers 16028, Algeria"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Bologhine Public Hospital, Algiers 16030, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soumia","family":"Djebari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Beni Messous Teaching Hospital, Algiers 16026, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Seghir","family":"Demdoum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, El-Oued 39002, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4430-5507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadira","family":"Rouabeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Setif Teaching Hospital, Setif 19000, Algeria"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Setif University, Setif 19137, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meriem","family":"Oussalah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Canastel Children\u2019s Hospital, Oran 31130, Algeria"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Oran, Oran 31000, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"Van Vliet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Montr\u00e9al, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5962-6209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asmahane","family":"Ladjouze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Science, Algiers 16028, Algeria"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Beni Messous Teaching Hospital, Algiers 16026, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1159\/000363155","article-title":"Diagnosis, Treatment and Outcome of Congenital Hypothyroidism","volume":"26","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocr. 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