{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:25:31Z","timestamp":1786116331527,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Neonatal Screen.","IJNS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neonatal screening using Dried Blood Spot (DBS) cards is an important and successful public health facility in Europe, enabling early detection of congenital disorders for early treatment and prevention of overt disease. Biobanks of stored DBS cards offer significant potential for biomedical research. Biobanking and secondary use of DBS cards also raise ethical and legal issues, particularly concerning the rights of parents and children. This study provides a comprehensive overview of legislation and legal practices governing DBS biobanking across 29 European countries, based on a survey conducted in collaboration with the International Society for Neonatal Screening. Findings reveal a highly heterogeneous landscape: 15 countries have national legislation, five have regional guidelines, and nine lack formal regulations. Only four countries require explicit parental consent for DBS storage, with considerable variation in approval processes for research use. A harmonization of practices, with the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) as a basis for future regulation, supplemented by clearer guidance on \u2018public interest\u2019 and robust safeguards for individual rights may lead to more transparent and consistent governance, which is essential to balance scientific progress with the protection of parental and children\u2019s rights in DBS-based research across Europe.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijns12030064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T13:16:29Z","timestamp":1785935789000},"page":"64","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Features and Legal Practice of Dried Blood Spot Card Biobanking in Europe: Balancing Research Potential with Parental and Children\u2019s Rights"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Sophie","family":"ter Braak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Society for Neonatal Screening, Reigerskamp 273, 3607 HP Maarssen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4973-8543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mette","family":"Nyegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian Munch","family":"Hagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5881-1776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"B\u00e6kvad-Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9925-2376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madara","family":"Auzenbaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Clinical University Hospital, Riga Stradi\u0146\u0161 University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4470-9524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Boemer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Liege, 4000 Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9485-6754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James R.","family":"Bonham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sheffield Children\u2019s Hospital, Sheffield S10 2TH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2243-7372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Borde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire National de Sant\u00e9, 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Brincat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mater Dei Hospital, TAL-QROQQ Msida, Malta"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9535-2567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Cheillan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Lyon, 69500 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1927-9596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera","family":"Frankova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leifur","family":"Franzson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine\u2014Newborn Screening, Landspitali University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ksenija","family":"Fumi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5246-9869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Urh","family":"Groselj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom L. 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ISNS General Guidelines for Neonatal Bloodspot Screening 2025. Int. J. Neonatal Screen., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijns11020045"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Neonatal Screening"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2409-515X\/12\/3\/64\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T08:57:09Z","timestamp":1786006629000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2409-515X\/12\/3\/64"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["ijns12030064"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijns12030064","relation":{},"ISSN":["2409-515X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2409-515X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]}}}