{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:25:11Z","timestamp":1792805111042,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,25]],"date-time":"2019-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21AI129951"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AI129951"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Ohio State University Center for Applied Plant Sciences","award":["MSQT18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MSQT18"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00rs6vg23","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"State and federal funds appropriated to The Ohio State University","award":["CFAES OARDC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CFAES OARDC"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00rs6vg23","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Insects"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The overuse of insecticides with limited modes of action has led to resistance in mosquito vectors. Thus, insecticides with novel modes of action are needed. Secondary metabolites in Madagascan plants of the genus Cinnamosma (Canellaceae) are commonly used in traditional remedies and known to elicit antifeedant and toxic effects in insect pests. Here we test the hypothesis that extracts of Cinnamosma sp. enriched in drimane sesquiterpenes are toxic and\/or antifeedant to the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti. We show that the bark and root extracts, which contain a higher abundance of drimane sesquiterpenes compared to leaves, were the most efficacious. Screening isolated compounds revealed cinnamodial to be the primary driver of adulticidal activity, whereas cinnamodial, polygodial, cinnafragrin A, and capsicodendrin contributed to the larvicidal activity. Moreover, an abundant lactone (cinnamosmolide) in the root extract synergized the larvicidal effects of cinnamodial. The antifeedant activity of the extracts was primarily contributed to cinnamodial, polygodial, and cinnamolide. Parallel experiments with warburganal isolated from Warburgia ugandensis (Canellaceae) revealed that aldehydes are critical for\u2014and a hydroxyl modulates\u2014insecticidal activity. Our results indicate that plant drimane sesquiterpenes provide valuable chemical platforms for developing insecticides and repellents to control mosquito vectors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/insects10110373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,25]],"date-time":"2019-10-25T11:05:18Z","timestamp":1572001518000},"page":"373","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Insecticidal and Antifeedant Activities of Malagasy Medicinal Plant (Cinnamosma sp.) Extracts and Drimane-Type Sesquiterpenes against Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Edna Alfaro","family":"Inocente","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bao","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6072-1067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Preston K.","family":"Manwill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"},{"name":"Center for Applied Plant Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annecie","family":"Benatrehina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8891-758X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eliningaya","family":"Kweka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences-Bugando, Mwanza P.O. Box 1464, Tanzania"},{"name":"Division of Livestock and Human Disease Vector Control, Tropical Pesticides Research Institute, Arusha P.O. Box 3024, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sijin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolin","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. Harinantenaina","family":"Rakotondraibe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"},{"name":"Center for Applied Plant Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1020-5774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter M.","family":"Piermarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691, USA"},{"name":"Center for Applied Plant Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2915.2003.00412.x","article-title":"Pyrethroid and DDT cross-resistance in Aedes aegypti is correlated with novel mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene","volume":"17","author":"Brengues","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med. 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