{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T02:13:53Z","timestamp":1790475233332,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,15]],"date-time":"2020-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Insects"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: the mosquito Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) is an important vector of arboviruses, including Zika, Dengue, and Chikungunya. The dietary requirements of larval Ae. aegypti are not well understood and likely impact developmental and physiological parameters knowledge of which could be important for vector control. This study examines the effects nutrition has on growth and development of larval Ae. aegypti of laboratory-reared Rockefeller strain mosquitoes. Methods: mosquito larvae were split into five feeding groups with diets providing different ratios of protein and carbohydrates. Each group received autolyzed Brewer\u2019s yeast (AY - high-protein), and\/or rice flour (RF\u2014high-carbohydrate). The groups were monitored to record larval developmental times, adult sizes and nutritional stores. Results: the 100% AY group failed to pupate, suggesting the AY alone is either lacking in critical nutrients or is toxic at higher concentrations. The 100% RF group resulted in the smallest adults that took the longest time to reach pupation. Of the remaining groups, the 25% AY\/75% RF (Med\u2013low) diet yielded adult mosquitoes with highest average weight, wing length, and lipid stores relative to the other diets. Conclusions: the dietary requirements for development, body size, and nutrient stores of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes appear to be dependent on a relatively low but essential proportion of dietary protein to carbohydrates to achieve optimal developmental outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/insects11080535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]],"date-time":"2020-08-17T04:35:51Z","timestamp":1597638951000},"page":"535","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Impacts of Dietary Nutritional Composition on Larval Development and Adult Body Composition in the Yellow Fever Mosquito (Aedes aegypti)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2922-2526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tess","family":"van Schoor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin Taylor","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Tam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey Michael","family":"Attardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2020, August 05). Mosquito Control, Available online: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/zika\/vector\/index.html."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carvalho, D.O., McKemey, A.R., Garziera, L., Lacroix, R., Donnelly, C.A., Alphey, L., Malavasi, A., and Capurro, M.L. (2015). Suppression of a Field Population of Aedes aegypti in Brazil by Sustained Release of Transgenic Male Mosquitoes. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003864"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.01.004","article-title":"Phased Conditional Approach for Mosquito Management Using Sterile Insect Technique","volume":"36","author":"Bouyer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cois.2015.05.011","article-title":"Back to the future: The sterile insect technique against mosquito disease vectors","volume":"10","author":"Lees","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Insect Sci."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bond, J.G., Ram\u00edrez-Osorio, A., Marina, C.F., Fern\u00e1ndez-Salas, I., Liedo, P., Dor, A., and Williams, T. (2017). Efficiency of two larval diets for mass-rearing of the mosquito Aedes aegypti. PLoS ONE, 12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0187420"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pooraiiouby, R., Sharma, A., Beard, J., Reyes, J., Nuss, A., and Gulia-Nuss, M. (2018). Nutritional Quality during Development Alters Insulin-Like Peptides\u2019 Expression and Physiology of the Adult Yellow Fever Mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Insects, 9.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints201806.0087.v1"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"73","article-title":"Effects of larval nutrition on the host-seeking behavior of adult Aedes aegypti mosquitoes","volume":"4","author":"Klowden","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2014.02.034","article-title":"Methods for studying metabolism in Drosophila","volume":"68","author":"Tennessen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S1534-5807(02)00117-X","article-title":"Drosophila\u2019s insulin\/PI3-kinase pathway coordinates cellular metabolism with nutritional conditions","volume":"2","author":"Britton","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Couret, J., Dotson, E., and Benedict, M.Q. (2014). Temperature, larval diet, and density effects on development rate and survival of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0087468"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.00152","article-title":"Microorganism-Based Larval Diets Affect Mosquito Development, Size and Nutritional Reserves in the Yellow Fever Mosquito Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)","volume":"10","author":"Souza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1910(57)90036-7","article-title":"Nutritional requirements of Aedes aegypti L","volume":"1","author":"Singh","year":"1957","journal-title":"J. Insect Physiol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1910(62)90035-5","article-title":"A qualitative and quantitative study of the nutritional requirements of Aedes aegypti L. larvae","volume":"8","author":"Akov","year":"1962","journal-title":"J. Insect Physiol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1603\/ME12146","article-title":"Multiple blood feeding and host-seeking behavior in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)","volume":"50","author":"Farjana","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1978.27.827","article-title":"Blood meal size as a factor affecting continued host-seeking by Aedes aegypti (L.)","volume":"27","author":"Klowden","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2007.09.007","article-title":"Juvenile hormone connects larval nutrition with target of rapamycin signaling in the mosquito Aedes aegypti","volume":"54","author":"Shiao","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Insect Physiol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1603\/ME11289","article-title":"An inexpensive and effective larval diet for Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae): Eat like a horse, a bird, or a fish?","volume":"49","author":"Damiens","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1603\/ME13011","article-title":"Efficiency of three diets for larval development in mass rearing Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)","volume":"50","author":"Puggioli","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.2987\/12-6274R.1","article-title":"The importance of males: Larval diet and adult sugar feeding influences reproduction in Culex molestus","volume":"28","author":"Kassim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E5362","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1702983114","article-title":"Bacteria-mediated hypoxia functions as a signal for mosquito development","volume":"114","author":"Coon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfoodeng.2016.03.032","article-title":"Nutritional ingredients from spent brewer\u2019s yeast obtained by hydrolysis and selective membrane filtration integrated in a pilot process","volume":"185","author":"Amorim","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Food Eng."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3389\/fsufs.2018.00085","article-title":"Autolyzed yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation improves performance while modulating the intestinal immune-system and microbiology of broiler chickens","volume":"2","author":"Bortoluzzi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Sustain. Food Syst."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luh, B.S., and Liu, Y.-K. (1991). Rice flours in baking. Rice, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-3754-4"},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"299","article-title":"Rapid determination of glycogen and sugars in mosquitoes","volume":"1","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc."},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"302","article-title":"Rapid determination of total lipids in mosquitoes","volume":"1","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc."},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"Therneau, T.M. (2020, August 14). A Package for Survival Analysis in R; R Package Version 3.2-3. Available online: https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/survival\/index.html."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Therneau, T.M., and Grambsch, P.M. (2000). Modeling Survival Data: Extending the Cox Model, Springer Science & Business Media.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-3294-8"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wickham, H. (2016). ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24277-4_9"},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"Horikoshi, M., and Tang, Y. (2020, August 14). ggfortify: Data Visualization Tools for Statistical Analysis Results. Available online: https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/ggfortify\/index.html."},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"Wickham, H. (2020, August 14). forcats: Tools for Working with Categorical Variables (Factors). Available online: https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/forcats\/index.html."},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"Wickham, H., Fran\u00e7ois, R., Henry, L., and M\u00fcller, K. (2020, August 14). dplyr: A Grammar of Data Manipulation. Available online: https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/dplyr\/index.html."},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"Arnold, J.B. (2020, August 14). ggthemes: Extra Themes, Scales and Geoms for \u201cggplot2\u201d. Available online: https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=ggthemes."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v077.i01","article-title":"ranger: A Fast Implementation of Random Forests for High Dimensional Data in C++ and R","volume":"77","author":"Wright","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"ref_34","unstructured":"Kassambara, A., Kosinski, M., and Biecek, P. (2020, August 14). survminer: Drawing Survival Curves using \u201cggplot2\u201d. Available online: https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/survminer\/survminer.pdf."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1002\/bimj.200810425","article-title":"Simultaneous Inference in General Parametric Models","volume":"50","author":"Hothorn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biom. J."},{"key":"ref_36","unstructured":"Herv\u00e9, M. (2020, August 14). RVAideMemoire: Testing and Plotting Procedures for Biostatistics. Available online: https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/RVAideMemoire\/RVAideMemoire.pdf."},{"key":"ref_37","unstructured":"Kassambara, A. (2020, August 14). ggpubr: \u201cggplot2\u201d Based Publication Ready Plots. Available online: https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/ggpubr\/ggpubr.pdf."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1910(90)90118-Y","article-title":"Metabolic relationship between female body size, reserves, and fecundity of Aedes aegypti","volume":"36","author":"Briegel","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Insect Physiol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38230","DOI":"10.1038\/srep38230","article-title":"Larval diet affects mosquito development and permissiveness to Plasmodium infection","volume":"6","author":"Linenberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2009.11.006","article-title":"Protein and carbohydrate composition of larval food affects tolerance to thermal stress and desiccation in adult Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"56","author":"Andersen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Insect Physiol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2011.06.033","article-title":"Coordinating growth and maturation - insights from Drosophila","volume":"21","author":"Tennessen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/s12983-018-0290-9","article-title":"Body size regulation by maturation steroid hormones: A Drosophila perspective","volume":"15","author":"Hyun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Zool."},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"4395","article-title":"Drosophila Lipin interacts with insulin and TOR signaling pathways in the control of growth and lipid metabolism","volume":"128","author":"Schmitt","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hatem, N.E., Wang, Z., Nave, K.B., Koyama, T., and Suzuki, Y. (2015). The role of juvenile hormone and insulin\/TOR signaling in the growth of Manduca sexta. BMC Biol., 13.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-015-0155-z"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.01.016","article-title":"TOR signaling in growth and metabolism","volume":"124","author":"Wullschleger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200511140","article-title":"TOR coordinates bulk and targeted endocytosis in the Drosophila melanogaster fat body to regulate cell growth","volume":"173","author":"Hennig","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3963","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.7.3963","article-title":"Tor, a phosphatidylinositol kinase homologue, controls autophagy in yeast","volume":"273","author":"Noda","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2004.07.009","article-title":"Role and regulation of starvation-induced autophagy in the Drosophila fat body","volume":"7","author":"Scott","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3897","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.01255","article-title":"The TOR pathway interacts with the insulin signaling pathway to regulate C. elegans larval development, metabolism and life span","volume":"131","author":"Jia","year":"2004","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.2001.2394","article-title":"Synthesis and mobilization of glycogen during metamorphosis of the medfly Ceratitis capitata","volume":"392","author":"Tolmasky","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-1208","article-title":"Glycogen synthase kinase-3 and mammalian target of rapamycin pathways contribute to DNA synthesis, cell cycle progression, and proliferation in human islets","volume":"58","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1093\/jisesa\/iex015","article-title":"Glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase: Gene cloning and expression analysis reveal their role in trehalose metabolism in the Brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens St\u00e5l (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Insect Sci."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yamada, T., Habara, O., Kubo, H., and Nishimura, T. (2018). Fat body glycogen serves as a metabolic safeguard for the maintenance of sugar levels in Drosophila. Development, 145.","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.158865"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-6480(70)90065-1","article-title":"Control of glycogen and fat metabolism in the mosquito","volume":"14","author":"Lea","year":"1970","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garrido, D., Rubin, T., Poidevin, M., Maroni, B., Le Rouzic, A., Parvy, J.-P., and Montagne, J. (2015). Fatty acid synthase cooperates with glyoxalase 1 to protect against sugar toxicity. PLoS Genet., 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1004995"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zirin, J., Nieuwenhuis, J., and Perrimon, N. (2013). Role of autophagy in glycogen breakdown and its relevance to chloroquine myopathy. PLoS Biol., 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1001708"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1965.sp007776","article-title":"The obese mosquito","volume":"181","year":"1965","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-2585-37.5.726","article-title":"Lipid utilization for ovarian development in an autogenous mosquito, Culex pipiens molestus (Diptera: Culicidae)","volume":"37","author":"Sawabe","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2010.07.003","article-title":"Two insulin-like peptide family members from the mosquito Aedes aegypti exhibit differential biological and receptor binding activities","volume":"328","author":"Wen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E9822","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1808243115","article-title":"Serotonin signaling regulates insulin-like peptides for growth, reproduction, and metabolism in the disease vector Aedes aegypti","volume":"115","author":"Ling","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0708098105","article-title":"Discovery of an alternate metabolic pathway for urea synthesis in adult Aedes aegypti mosquitoes","volume":"105","author":"Scaraffia","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1111\/jvec.12335","article-title":"Effect of acute and chronic exposure to ammonia on different larval instars of Anopheles darlingi (Diptera: Culicidae)","volume":"44","author":"Dias","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Vector Ecol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1910(03)00134-3","article-title":"Free amino acids are important for the retention of protein and non-protein meals by the midgut of Aedes aegypti females","volume":"49","author":"Caroci","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Insect Physiol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3263","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.029553","article-title":"Characterization of a blood-meal-responsive proton-dependent amino acid transporter in the disease vector, Aedes aegypti","volume":"212","author":"Evans","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2012.01.005","article-title":"SLC7 amino acid transporters of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti and their role in fat body TOR signaling and reproduction","volume":"58","author":"Carpenter","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Insect Physiol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1111\/phen.12285","article-title":"Effects of dietary protein and carbohydrate on life-history traits and body protein and fat contents of the black soldier fly Hermetia illucens","volume":"44","author":"Gort","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icu102","article-title":"Effects of protein and carbohydrate on an insect herbivore: The vista from a fitness landscape","volume":"54","author":"Behmer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Integr. Comp. Biol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wigglesworth, V.B. (1972). Digestion and Nutrition. The Principles of Insect Physiology, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-009-5973-6"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-0276130395","article-title":"History of domestication and spread of Aedes aegypti\u2014A review","volume":"108","author":"Powell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yee, D.A., Kaufman, M.G., and Ezeakacha, N.F. (2015). How Diverse Detrital Environments Influence Nutrient Stoichiometry between Males and Females of the Co-Occurring Container Mosquitoes Aedes albopictus, Ae. aegypti, and Culex quinquefasciatus. PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0133734"}],"container-title":["Insects"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4450\/11\/8\/535\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T10:01:31Z","timestamp":1760176891000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4450\/11\/8\/535"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,15]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["insects11080535"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/insects11080535","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4450"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4450","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,15]]}}}