{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T20:52:07Z","timestamp":1778964727201,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,21]],"date-time":"2021-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Insects"],"abstract":"<jats:p>An integrative study on some species of Asphondylia was carried out. Two species of gall midges from Italy, Asphondylia rivelloi sp. nov. and Asphondylia micromeriae sp. nov. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), causing flower galls respectively on Clinopodium vulgare and Micromeria graeca (Lamiaceae), are described and illustrated. The characteristics of each developmental stage and induced galls are described, which allowed the discrimination of these new species in the complex of Asphondylia developing on Lamiaceae plants. Molecular data based on sequencing both nuclear (ITS2 and 28S-D2) and mitochondrial (COI) genes are also provided in support of this discrimination. Phylogeny based on nuclear markers is consistent with the new species, whereas COI phylogeny suggests introgression occurring between the two species. However, these species can also be easily identified using a morphological approach. Phenology of host plants and gall midges are described, and some peculiar characteristics allow the complete and confident discrimination and revision of the treated species. Gall-associated fungi were identified as Botryosphaeria dothidea,Alternaria spp., and Cladosporium spp.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/insects12110958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]],"date-time":"2021-10-22T00:22:02Z","timestamp":1634862122000},"page":"958","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["An Integrative Study on Asphondylia spp. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Causing Flower Galls on Lamiaceae, with Description, Phenology, and Associated Fungi of Two New Species"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8190-2177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Umberto","family":"Bernardo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Portici Unit, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (CNR), 80055 Portici, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9309-4007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Nugnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Portici Unit, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (CNR), 80055 Portici, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Gargiulo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Portici Unit, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (CNR), 80055 Portici, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3049-4641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosario","family":"Nicoletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture, University of Naples \u2018Federico II\u2019, 80055 Portici, Italy"},{"name":"Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Center for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, 81100 Caserta, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5117-0235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Becchimanzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture, University of Naples \u2018Federico II\u2019, 80055 Portici, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8275-0184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriano","family":"Stinca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gennaro","family":"Viggiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture, University of Naples \u2018Federico II\u2019, 80055 Portici, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ympev.2019.106602","article-title":"Phylogeny of the gall midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae, Cecidomyiinae): Systematics, evolution of feeding modes and diversification rates","volume":"140","author":"Dorchin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. 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