{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:50:04Z","timestamp":1787028604188,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,19]],"date-time":"2022-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fondi di Ateneo per la Ricerca, University of Insubria"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Insects"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The increasing number of microorganisms that are resistant to antibiotics is prompting the development of new antimicrobial compounds and strategies to fight bacterial infections. The use of insects to screen and test new drugs is increasingly considered a promising tool to accelerate the discovery phase and limit the use of mammalians. In this study, we used for the first time the silkworm, Bombyx mori, as an in vivo infection model to test the efficacy of three glycopeptide antibiotics (GPAs), against the nosocomial pathogen Staphylococcus epidermidis. To reproduce the human physiological temperature, the bacterial infection was performed at 37 \u00b0C and it was monitored over time by evaluating the survival rate of the larvae, as well the response of immunological markers (i.e., activity of hemocytes, activation of the prophenoloxidase system, and lysozyme activity). All the three GPAs tested (vancomycin, teicoplanin, and dalbavancin) were effective in curing infected larvae, significantly reducing their mortality and blocking the activation of the immune system. These results corroborate the use of this silkworm infection model for the in vivo studies of antimicrobial molecules active against staphylococci.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/insects13080748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,21]],"date-time":"2022-08-21T23:51:01Z","timestamp":1661125861000},"page":"748","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A Bombyx mori Infection Model for Screening Antibiotics against Staphylococcus epidermidis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Aurora","family":"Montali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1913-9929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Berini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4372-5688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessio","family":"Saviane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA-AA), 35143 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7703-188X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Cappellozza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA-AA), 35143 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9195-6777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Flavia","family":"Marinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0665-828X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Tettamanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy"},{"name":"Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology (BAT Center), University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2019.06.033","article-title":"Crossroads of antibiotic resistance and biosynthesis","volume":"431","author":"Wencewicz","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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