{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:03:59Z","timestamp":1792789439761,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]],"date-time":"2022-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wuyi University-Hong Kong and Macao Joint Research Fund","award":["2021WGALH10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021WGALH10"]}]},{"name":"Wuyi University-Hong Kong and Macao Joint Research Fund","award":["2017RC04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017RC04"]}]},{"name":"Wuyi University-Hong Kong and Macao Joint Research Fund","award":["Jiangke(2018)352"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Jiangke(2018)352"]}]},{"name":"Wuyi University-Hong Kong and Macao Joint Research Fund","award":["2021030101400004873"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021030101400004873"]}]},{"name":"Wuyi University-Hong Kong and Macao Joint Research Fund","award":["202111349298"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202111349298"]}]},{"name":"Start-up Foundation for High-level Talents of Wuyi University","award":["2021WGALH10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021WGALH10"]}]},{"name":"Start-up Foundation for High-level Talents of Wuyi University","award":["2017RC04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017RC04"]}]},{"name":"Start-up Foundation for High-level Talents of Wuyi University","award":["Jiangke(2018)352"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Jiangke(2018)352"]}]},{"name":"Start-up Foundation for High-level Talents of Wuyi University","award":["2021030101400004873"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021030101400004873"]}]},{"name":"Start-up Foundation for High-level Talents of Wuyi University","award":["202111349298"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202111349298"]}]},{"name":"Special Fund Project of Science and Technology Innovation Strategy in Guangdong Province","award":["2021WGALH10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021WGALH10"]}]},{"name":"Special Fund Project of Science and Technology Innovation Strategy in Guangdong Province","award":["2017RC04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017RC04"]}]},{"name":"Special Fund Project of Science and Technology Innovation Strategy in Guangdong Province","award":["Jiangke(2018)352"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Jiangke(2018)352"]}]},{"name":"Special Fund Project of Science and Technology Innovation Strategy in Guangdong Province","award":["2021030101400004873"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021030101400004873"]}]},{"name":"Special Fund Project of Science and Technology Innovation Strategy in Guangdong Province","award":["202111349298"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202111349298"]}]},{"name":"Jiangmen Science and Technology Project of Basic and Theoretical Science Research","award":["2021WGALH10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021WGALH10"]}]},{"name":"Jiangmen Science and Technology Project of Basic and Theoretical Science Research","award":["2017RC04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017RC04"]}]},{"name":"Jiangmen Science and Technology Project of Basic and Theoretical Science Research","award":["Jiangke(2018)352"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Jiangke(2018)352"]}]},{"name":"Jiangmen Science and Technology Project of Basic and Theoretical Science Research","award":["2021030101400004873"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021030101400004873"]}]},{"name":"Jiangmen Science and Technology Project of Basic and Theoretical Science Research","award":["202111349298"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202111349298"]}]},{"name":"Project of Innovative and Entrepreneurship for College Students in Wuyi University","award":["2021WGALH10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021WGALH10"]}]},{"name":"Project of Innovative and Entrepreneurship for College Students in Wuyi University","award":["2017RC04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017RC04"]}]},{"name":"Project of Innovative and Entrepreneurship for College Students in Wuyi University","award":["Jiangke(2018)352"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Jiangke(2018)352"]}]},{"name":"Project of Innovative and Entrepreneurship for College Students in Wuyi University","award":["2021030101400004873"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021030101400004873"]}]},{"name":"Project of Innovative and Entrepreneurship for College Students in Wuyi University","award":["202111349298"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202111349298"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Insects"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mosquitoes are one of the most important disease vectors from a medical viewpoint in that they transmit several diseases such as malaria, filariasis, yellow and Dengue fever. Mosquito vector control and personal protection from mosquito bites are currently the most efficient ways to prevent these diseases. Several synthetic repellents such as DEET, ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate (IR3535) and 1-(1-methylpropoxycarbonyl)-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine) (Picaridin), have been widely used to prevent humans from receiving mosquito bites. However, the use of synthetic repellents has raised several environment and health concerns. Therefore, essential oils (EOs) as natural alternatives receive our attention. In order to discover highly effective mosquito repellents from natural sources, the repellent activity of 60 commercial EOs against Ae. albopictus was screened in this study. Eight EOs including cinnamon, marjoram, lemongrass, bay, chamomile, jasmine, peppermint2, and thyme, showed a suitable repellent rate (&gt;40%) at the tested dose of 10 \u03bcg\/cm2. Then, their main constituents were analyzed by GC-MS, and the active constituents were identified. The most active compounds including cinnamaldehyde, citral and terpinen-4-ol, exhibited an 82%, 65% and 60% repellent rate, respectively. Moreover, the nanoemulsions of the three active compounds were prepared and characterized. In the arm-in-cage assay, the protection times of the nanoemulsions of cinnamaldehyde and citral were significantly extended compared with their normal solutions. This study provides several lead compounds to develop new mosquito repellents, and it suggests that nanoemulsification is an effective method for improving the duration of the activity of natural repellents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/insects13121077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T02:10:54Z","timestamp":1669169454000},"page":"1077","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Study of the Repellent Activity of 60 Essential Oils and Their Main Constituents against Aedes albopictus, and Nano-Formulation Development"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Weifeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingmiao","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China"},{"name":"Faculty of Southern Medicine, Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medicine College, Jiangmen 529000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofei","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuling","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjiao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jietong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingjia","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaole","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China"},{"name":"International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongze","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Southern Medicine, Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medicine College, Jiangmen 529000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Preclinical Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longlai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MHOME (Guangzhou) Industrial Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510700, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6567-0396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yajie","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6406-704X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaojun","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China"},{"name":"International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiqian","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China"},{"name":"International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529020, China"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Mosquito-Borne Diseases","volume":"39","author":"Tolle","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. 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