{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T12:06:26Z","timestamp":1780056386719,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]],"date-time":"2024-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Agriculture, Food Sovereignty and Forests","award":["DM 23205\u201417\/01\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DM 23205\u201417\/01\/2023"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Insects"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Halyomorpha halys (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) is an insect pest native to Asia that has spread over the last two decades to most of the North America, parts of South America, Europe and North Africa. Its impact is significant as it can feed on more than 300 host plants, rendering affected fruits and vegetable crops unsellable or of lower quality. Various chemical and biological methods have been used to control this pest, with varying degrees of success. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is a pest control method involving the sterilization of insects via ionizing radiation and their subsequent mass release into the field. In the present contribution, the spermiogenesis of H. halys was studied from an ultrastructural point of view in both irradiated and non-irradiated adult males. In both cases, we observed ultrastructural characteristics typical of hemipteran sperm cells: bridges connecting the mitochondrial derivatives and the axonemal microtubules, the absence of accessory bodies, and the presence of two or three crystalline inclusions within the mitochondrial derivatives, an acrosome composed of tightly packed tubules, and an atypical, plaque-shaped microtubular organizing center (MTOC) in the centriolar region. Moreover, in the same region, we seldom observed the presence of two centrioles in the spermatids, one of which disappeared at a later stage of maturation. This feature is a novelty for insect spermiogenesis. The cysts of irradiated adults were not all uniformly affected by the radiation. However, irradiated cysts sometimes exhibited a general disorganization of sperm arrangement, incomplete divisions of sperm cells resulting in multiple copies of the same organelle within the same cell, failure to reabsorb the cytoplasm, and the lack of axonemes. Finally, rod-shaped viruses or virus-like particles were observed in vasa deferentia independently of irradiation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/insects15070505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]],"date-time":"2024-07-08T09:01:19Z","timestamp":1720429279000},"page":"505","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Ultrastructure of the Spermiogenesis in Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): X-Irradiation and New Insights on the Centriolar Region Organization"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7915-3832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Paoli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CREA Research Centre for Plant Protecion and Certification, Via di Lanciola 12\/a, 50125 Firenze, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9307-6594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Cristofaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology and Biological Control Agency (BBCA), Via A. Signorelli 105, 00123 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerardo","family":"Roselli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology and Biological Control Agency (BBCA), Via A. Signorelli 105, 00123 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Center Agricolture Food Enviroment, University of Trento, Via Edmund Mach 1, 38098 Trento, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0440-3840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raffaele","family":"Sasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSPT-BIOTEC Laboratory, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, C.R. Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Musmeci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSPT-BIOTEC Laboratory, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, C.R. Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Barbieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CREA Research Centre for Plant Protecion and Certification, Via di Lanciola 12\/a, 50125 Firenze, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8684-2716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Sciandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CREA Research Centre for Plant Protecion and Certification, Via di Lanciola 12\/a, 50125 Firenze, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Vanoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari, 38122 Trento, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loris","family":"Menegotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari, 38122 Trento, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8098-8367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pio Federico","family":"Roversi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Institute for Plant Protection, Via Bertero 22, 00156 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2545-1409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianfranco","family":"Anfora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center Agricolture Food Enviroment, University of Trento, Via Edmund Mach 1, 38098 Trento, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8120-0837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Mercati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romano","family":"Dallai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1603\/029.102.0335","article-title":"Seasonal occurrence and impact of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in tree fruit","volume":"102","author":"Nielsen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. 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