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Ant morphology, used as a proxy for ecological function, offers a valuable framework for understanding the effects of anthropogenic disturbances on ant diversity. This study explored the morphological diversity of ant assemblages in agricultural ecosystems and secondary forests in Italy and the Brazilian Amazon, analyzing how these communities are structured and adapted to different environments. The research aims to understand the ecological interactions and the role of ants in maintaining biodiversity in these contexts. The study was conducted in the Ticino River Natural Park, Italy, and the Paragominas mosaic in Par\u00e1, Brazil. The ants were sampled using epigean pitfall traps at 15 agricultural and 13 forest sites. In the secondary forests, the species richness was significantly higher in both countries compared to agricultural areas. In general, the Community Weighted Mean (CWM) of the selected traits (head length, head width, interocular distance, mandible length, eye width, Weber\u2019s length, and tibia length) of Brazilian ants was higher than those of Italian. However, the CWM of agricultural areas of the two countries was more similar. We noticed the convex hull (i.e., the volume of an assemblage in the morphological space) of Brazilian secondary forests was still larger than Italian secondary forests when both assemblages have the same number of species. Morphological homogenization was more pronounced in agricultural settings, whereas secondary forests showed more variability, highlighting the role of environmental filtering in shaping ant communities across land use types.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/insects15120961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T11:03:08Z","timestamp":1733310188000},"page":"961","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["How Habitat Simplification Shapes the Morphological Characteristics of Ant Assemblages (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Different Biogeographical Contexts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6573-342X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Cristina","family":"da Silva Utta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz\u00f4nia (INPA), Manaus CEP 69067-375, Amazonas, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4570-9350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianpasquale","family":"Chiatante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Largo dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 s\/n, 01100 Viterbo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0684-6229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrico","family":"Schifani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11\/a, 43124 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Meriggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e dell\u2019Ambiente, Universit\u00e0 di Pavia, via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1619-4201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Itanna Oliveira","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Entomologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz\u00f4nia (INPA), Manaus CEP 69060-001, Amazonas, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8448-7623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo A. V.","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Azorean Biodiversity Group, cE3c-Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, CHANGE\u2013Global Change and Sustainability Institute, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of the Azores, Rua Capit\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o d\u2019\u00c1vila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042 Angra do Hero\u00edsmo, Azores, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5627-4017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo R. C.","family":"Solar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica, Ecologia e Evolu\u00e7\u00e3o, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte CEP 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4747-1857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabricio Beggiato","family":"Baccaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz\u00f4nia (INPA), Manaus CEP 69067-375, Amazonas, Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus CEP 69080-900, Amazonas, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9334-4280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donato Antonio","family":"Grasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11\/a, 43124 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14324","article-title":"Global Effects of Land Use on Local Terrestrial Biodiversity","volume":"520","author":"Newbold","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1254610","article-title":"Loss of Avian Phylogenetic Diversity in Neotropical Agricultural Systems","volume":"345","author":"Frishkoff","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1461-0248.2003.00474.x","article-title":"Grazer Diversity Effects on Ecosystem Functioning in Seagrass Beds","volume":"6","author":"Duffy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ecol. 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