{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T02:55:16Z","timestamp":1771556116186,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]],"date-time":"2025-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Insects"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aedes aegypti is a major vector of arboviruses, including dengue, Zika, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Mayaro. The extensive use of insecticides has led to resistance, complicating vector control efforts. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional regulators involved in detoxification and stress adaptation; however, their role in the insecticide response of Ae. aegypti remains unclear. This study analyzed miRNA expression in Ae. aegypti following imidacloprid exposure, comparing a field strain, Martinez de la Torre from Mexico (MT), and a susceptible reference strain, New Orleans (NO). Small RNA sequencing identified 96 miRNAs, with miR-1, miR-281-5p, miR-100, and miR-184 being consistently expressed across all conditions. In contrast, let-7, miR-124, and miR-13-3p were exclusively detected in wild mosquitoes exposed to imidacloprid, while miR-14 and miR-275-3p showed condition-specific expression. Distinct miRNA expression patterns were observed between the field and susceptible strains, with specific miRNAs showing condition-dependent expression. These findings suggest that certain miRNAs may serve as potential biomarkers for resistance monitoring, contributing to a better understanding of insecticide response mechanisms and informing novel vector control strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/insects16050460","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T09:00:39Z","timestamp":1745917239000},"page":"460","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["miRNA Expression Response of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus 1762) (Diptera: Culicidae) to Imidacloprid Exposure"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Gerardo","family":"Trujillo-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Acad\u00e9mica de Medicina Humana y C.S., Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98600, Zacatecas, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6095-8817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana Lizbeth","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Fisiolog\u00eda Molecular y Estructural, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Av. Universidad S\/N Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicol\u00e1s de los Garza 66451, Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elda","family":"Flores-Contreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Patolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Francisco I. Madero y Dr. E. Aguirre Peque\u00f1o s\/n, Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6588-5856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Everardo","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Acad\u00e9mica de Medicina Humana y C.S., Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98600, Zacatecas, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda de Lourdes","family":"Ram\u00edrez Ahuja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Fisiolog\u00eda Molecular y Estructural, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Av. Universidad S\/N Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicol\u00e1s de los Garza 66451, Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6307-1696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Idalia","family":"Garza Veloz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Acad\u00e9mica de Medicina Humana y C.S., Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98600, Zacatecas, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8554-8865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana E.","family":"Flores Suarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Entomolog\u00eda Medica, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Av. Universidad S\/N Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicol\u00e1s de los Garza 66451, Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabian","family":"Correa Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direcci\u00f3n del Programa de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vectores del Centro Nacional de Programas Preventivos y Control de Enfermedades (CENAPRECE), Mexico City 01480, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"Dzul Manzanilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direcci\u00f3n del Programa de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vectores del Centro Nacional de Programas Preventivos y Control de Enfermedades (CENAPRECE), Mexico City 01480, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5988-4168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iram P.","family":"Rodriguez Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Fisiolog\u00eda Molecular y Estructural, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Av. Universidad S\/N Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicol\u00e1s de los Garza 66451, Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1478-9068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margarita L.","family":"Mart\u00ednez Fierro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Acad\u00e9mica de Medicina Humana y C.S., Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98600, Zacatecas, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Worldwide Status of Insecticide Resistance of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus, Vectors of Arboviruses of Chikungunya, Dengue, Zika and Yellow Fever","volume":"17","author":"Asgarian","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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