{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:19:34Z","timestamp":1760059174998,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)","award":["2017\/15120-2","313940\/2021-5","88887.713105\/2022-00","2017\/09901-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\/15120-2","313940\/2021-5","88887.713105\/2022-00","2017\/09901-1"]}]},{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","award":["2017\/15120-2","313940\/2021-5","88887.713105\/2022-00","2017\/09901-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\/15120-2","313940\/2021-5","88887.713105\/2022-00","2017\/09901-1"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior\u2014Brasil (Capes)","award":["2017\/15120-2","313940\/2021-5","88887.713105\/2022-00","2017\/09901-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\/15120-2","313940\/2021-5","88887.713105\/2022-00","2017\/09901-1"]}]},{"name":"C\u00f3digo de Financiamento 001 and S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)","award":["2017\/15120-2","313940\/2021-5","88887.713105\/2022-00","2017\/09901-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\/15120-2","313940\/2021-5","88887.713105\/2022-00","2017\/09901-1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Insects"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Understanding the sublethal effects of insecticides on non-target insects is essential for integrated pest management (IPM). This study aimed to evaluate the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the testes of Ceraeochrysa claveri adults exposed to pyriproxyfen during the larval stage. Larvae (0\u201312 h) were fed Diatraea saccharalis eggs treated with pyriproxyfen (50 and 100 mg a.i. L\u22121) for 10 days. After this exposure, the larvae were fed untreated eggs until pupation. The testes from the adults were extracted for RNA extraction, library construction, and sequencing. The reads were de novo assembled, and the genes annotated based on their ORF homology. A total of 46 DEGs were identified for the 50 mg a.i. L\u22121 vs. control, 47 DEGs for the 100 mg a.i. L\u22121 vs. control, and 64 DEGs for 50 mg vs. 100 mg a.i. L\u22121 treatments. To validate the DEGs through RT-qPCR, the genes BPHL, Large2, MLX, and Talin-1 were selected. The results indicate that the exposure of C. claveri larvae to pyriproxyfen could alter the gene expression and lead to delayed effects in adults. This study provided a novel approach for assessing the sublethal effects of pyriproxyfen C. claveri and contributed valuable information to enhance IPM strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/insects16060567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T08:12:47Z","timestamp":1748419967000},"page":"567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intake of Pyriproxyfen Through Contaminated Food by the Predator Ceraeochrysa claveri Nav\u00e1s, 1911 (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae): Evaluation of Long-Term Effects on Testes via Transcriptome Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8398-1662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jefferson Foga\u00e7a","family":"Tomacheski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Insects, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Silvia Gimenes","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Insects, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafael Takahiro","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular and Reproductive Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, Botucatu 01049-010, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0221-8380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1bio Malta de S\u00e1","family":"Patroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas\u2014UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-875, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6005-1139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elton Luiz","family":"Scudeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, Rio Claro 13506-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9796-5076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael Henrique","family":"N\u00f3brega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular and Reproductive Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, Botucatu 01049-010, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8062-104X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela Carvalho dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Insects, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Electron Microscopy Center, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University\u2014UNESP, Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vasilikopoulos, A., Misof, B., Meusemann, K., Lieberz, D., Flouri, T., Beutel, R.G., Niehuis, O., Wappler, T., Rust, J., and Peters, R.S. 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