{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:39:10Z","timestamp":1785411550144,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["304018\/2019-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["304018\/2019-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["408518\/2024-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["408518\/2024-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["304018\/2019-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["304018\/2019-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03swz6y49","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["408518\/2024-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["408518\/2024-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03swz6y49","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Insects"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Tephritid flies, highlighting Anastrepha fraterculus and Ceratitis capitata, cause substantial economic losses and trigger strict quarantine measures worldwide. In response, research is looking for eco-friendly alternatives and, in this study, we evaluated 7 terpenes\/terpenoids (\u03b1-pinene, \u03b2-pinene, \u03b2-caryophyllene, \u03b3-terpinene, \u03c1-cymene, citronellal and geropine) and 3 phenylpropanoids (isoeugenol, methyl cinnamate and coumarin) commonly found in a diverse group of aromatic plants tested against A. fraterculus and C. capitata adults. Subsequently, their selectivity for the egg\u2013larvae endoparasitoid Doryctobracon areolatus was also assessed. Ingestion and topical application bioassays (range = 100\u20136000 mg L\u22121) revealed that isoeugenol caused the highest mortality (\u226575%) in both fruit fly species. Concentration\u2013response indicated a similar toxicity of this compound to A. fraterculus (ingestion: LC50 \u2245 34.2 mg L\u22121, LC90 \u2245 105.7 mg L\u22121; topical: LC50 \u2245 33.7 mg L\u22121, LC90 \u2245 121.3 mg L\u22121) and C. capitata (ingestion: LC50 \u2245 33.2 mg L\u22121, LC90 \u2245 125.5 mg L\u22121; topical: LC50 \u2245 31.4 mg L\u22121, LC90 \u2245 129.2 mg L\u22121). None of the tested compounds (\u03b1-pinene, \u03b2-pinene, \u03c1-cymene, \u03b2-caryophyllene, isoeugenol, \u03b3-terpinene, coumarin, citronellal, geropine and methyl cinnamate) reduced the number of oviposition punctures on grape berries by either fruit fly species. In contrast, all compounds caused lower mortality in D. aerolatus (\u226417%) and did not impair parasitism, with a range of 43.21\u201362.13% among the tested compounds. Overall, our findings indicate that selected phytocompounds, particularly isoeugenol and citronellal, show strong insecticidal activity against A. fraterculus and C. capitata while having low toxicity to D. areolatus, supporting their use into sustainable pest management programs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/insects17080774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T14:08:14Z","timestamp":1785161294000},"page":"774","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Terpenes and Phenylpropanoids with Potent Toxicity on Two Tephritid Fruit Flies and Reduced Impact to a Non-Target Parasitoid"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Let\u00edcia Jansen","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Health, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3101-6788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michele Trombin de","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Family Agriculture, Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Company of Santa Catarina, Chapec\u00f3 89801-970, Santa Catarina, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3056-9081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mireli Trombin","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Health, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9180-0414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian Peter","family":"Demari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Health, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6333-9111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel Radtke","family":"Abib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Health, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leandro do Padro","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Family Agriculture, Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Company of Santa Catarina, Chapec\u00f3 89801-970, Santa Catarina, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2202-6549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa Nogueira","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Health, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dori Edson","family":"Nava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Temperate Climate, Pelotas 96010-971, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4495-2575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Bernardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Health, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-610, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.53.103106.093350","article-title":"Fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) host status determination: Critical conceptual, methodological, and regulatory considerations","volume":"53","author":"Aluja","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu. 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