{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T04:29:44Z","timestamp":1786681784725,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"SARL Pest Custom Solution","award":["Subvention\/2021\/003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Subvention\/2021\/003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Insects"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mosquitoes are significant public health insects responsible for numerous vector-borne diseases. Injudicious chemical use has developed metabolic and genetic resistance in mosquitoes. This study evaluated the repellent efficacy of five essential oils (EOs) from local plants [Mentha spicata I, Ruta tuberculata, Mentha spicata II, Lavandula latifolia, and L. stoechas]. M. spicata I and R. tuberculata EOs were extracted using Clavenger hydrodistillation. Simultaneously, the remaining EOs were obtained through a local extraction distillation unit. Chemical composition was identified using GC-MS. Repellency was assessed using the arm-in-cage method, by rearing Culex pipiens s.l. and Aedes albopictus in the laboratory. Additionally, mixtures containing 15% DEET, 15% IR3535, 5% vanillin, and 10% M. spicata I EO were tested. Both mosquito species were clearly repelled by all EOs. M. spicata I was most potent at 10% concentration. The complete protection time (CPT) at 10% M. spicata I EO was increased using blended mixtures containing 15% DEET, 15% IR35353, or 5% vanillin. Regional variations in M. spicata EOs were detected. This study may serve as a foundation for cosmetic manufacturers and pest control products. Developing botanical and hybrid (natural and synthetic) formulations could provide strong protection against insect bites, particularly from disease-vector mosquitoes, helping to prevent vector-borne diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/insects17080823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:00:43Z","timestamp":1786118443000},"page":"823","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Repellency of Selected Algerian-Origin Essential Oils and Hybrid Formulations Against Two Arbovirus Vectors, Culex pipiens s.l. and Aedes albopictus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2880-4664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nassima","family":"Meghazi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture and Forestry Zoology, National Higher Agronomic School, Algiers 16004, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdel Madjid","family":"Benzehra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture and Forestry Zoology, National Higher Agronomic School, Algiers 16004, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8531-3027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdenour","family":"Boumechhour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Scientific and Technical Research in Physico-Chemical Analysis (CRAPC) BP 384 Bousamail, Tipaza 42009, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0514-4834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aissam","family":"Bousbia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biology, Water and Environment, Department Natural Sciences and Life, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Life Sciences, Earth and the Universe, 8 May 1945 University of Guelma, Guelma 24000, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9368-7072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rudy Megido","family":"Caparros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Li\u00e8ge, Passage des D\u00e9port\u00e9s 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7731-0849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Francis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Li\u00e8ge, Passage des D\u00e9port\u00e9s 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5521-3648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Slimane","family":"Boukraa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture and Forestry Zoology, National Higher Agronomic School, Algiers 16004, Algeria"},{"name":"Unit of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Li\u00e8ge, Passage des D\u00e9port\u00e9s 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium"},{"name":"Laboratory of Plant Protection in Agricultural and Natural Environments, National Higher Agronomic School, Algiers 16004, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2013.04.003","article-title":"Small RNAs: A new frontier in mosquito biology","volume":"29","author":"Lucas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2025, August 15). 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