{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T05:17:41Z","timestamp":1787980661327,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Special Project for the Construction of Tropical Crop Science and Technology Innovation System in Yunnan Province","award":["RF2026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF2026"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Insects"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hymenoptera play important ecological roles in agroecosystems as parasitoids, predators, and pollinators. This study investigated the species composition and diversity of Hymenoptera in a conventionally managed pummelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.) orchard in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China, from February 2025 to February 2026. A total of 8446 specimens were collected using Malaise traps and sweep netting, belonging to 11 superfamilies, 37 families, and 191 morphospecies. The community was dominated by parasitoids (140 morphospecies, 73.30%), followed by predators (30 morphospecies, 15.71%), pollinators (18 morphospecies, 9.42%), and phytophagous gall-inducers (3 morphospecies, 1.57%). Ichneumonoidea (42 morphospecies, 21.99%), Chalcidoidea (35 morphospecies, 18.32%), Vespoidea (30 morphospecies, 15.71%) and Apoidea (28 morphospecies, 14.66%) were the dominant superfamilies, collectively accounting for 70.68% of all morphospecies. At the family level, Ichneumonidae (25 morphospecies), Braconidae (17 morphospecies), Bethylidae (13 morphospecies), and Pompilidae and Scelionidae (11 morphospecies each) were the most morphospecies-rich families. Shannon\u2013Wiener diversity was higher at the family level (H\u2032 = 2.9340) than at the superfamily level (H\u2032 = 2.0302), indicating greater heterogeneity at a finer taxonomic resolution. These results demonstrate that the surveyed pummelo orchard in Xishuangbanna harbors a species-rich and functionally diverse hymenopteran community with substantial potential for biological pest control and pollination services.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/insects17090886","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T14:49:34Z","timestamp":1787582974000},"page":"886","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Diversity of Hymenoptera on Pummelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7903-2747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caihong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops, Jinghong 666100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangzeng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops, Jinghong 666100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojiao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops, Jinghong 666100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7206-3491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qinlin","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops, Jinghong 666100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops, Jinghong 666100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shide","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops, Jinghong 666100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocontrol.2013.06.005","article-title":"Biological control of arthropod pests in citrus orchards in China","volume":"68","author":"Niu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol. 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