{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T16:40:14Z","timestamp":1784824814112,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005672","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["256\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["256\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005672","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Insects"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) is a competent vector for transmitting important viral diseases such as yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. Several strategies have been applied to avoid Ae. aegypti proliferation by using environmental management, biological, and chemical approaches. However, the development of new methods for effective control of the insect vector population is still needed. Photodynamic control is an alternative way to control the vector population by using a physical approach based on the larval phototoxicity of a photosensitizer. In this context, the present study evaluated the use of eosin-methylene blue (EMB) as a new photosensitizer for photodynamic control of Ae. aegypti larval populations. The photodynamic assays were performed submitting Ae. aegypti third-instar larvae to different EMB concentrations (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 50.0, and 100.0 \u00b5g mL\u22121) in combination of three different light doses (24.3, 48.6, and 97.2 J cm\u22122) under either white-light radiation from RGB LEDs or sunlight. The results demonstrated that EMB presented a rapid internalization into the larvae and was phototoxic. The photodynamic action induced 100% of larval mortality after about 40 min of sunlight irradiation even using low EMB concentration (0.5 \u00b5g mL\u22121). The findings reveal EMB as an effective photoactive compound to control larval populations of Ae. aegypti by photodynamic process induced by either sunlight or white-light from RGB LEDs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/insects9030109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T02:49:34Z","timestamp":1535597374000},"page":"109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Evaluation of Eosin-Methylene Blue as a Photosensitizer for Larval Control of Aedes aegypti by a Photodynamic Process"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Alessandra R.","family":"Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de \u00d3ptica e Fot\u00f4nica, Instituto de F\u00edsica, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, CP 533, Dourados, MS 79804-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cicera M.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de \u00d3ptica e Fot\u00f4nica, Instituto de F\u00edsica, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, CP 533, Dourados, MS 79804-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia S. A.","family":"Caires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Espectroscopia e Bioinform\u00e1tica Aplicados a Biodiversidade e a Sa\u00fade, Faculdade de Medicina, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3918-1596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esmael D.","family":"Prado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, CP 533, Dourados, MS 79804-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciana R. P.","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, CP 533, Dourados, MS 79804-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaias","family":"Cabrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, CP 533, Dourados, MS 79804-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo J.","family":"Arruda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, CP 533, Dourados, MS 79804-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel L.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de \u00d3ptica e Fot\u00f4nica, Instituto de F\u00edsica, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2602-9480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anderson R. L.","family":"Caires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de \u00d3ptica e Fot\u00f4nica, Instituto de F\u00edsica, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia (2009). Dengue: Guidelines for Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, and Control, WHO Press. [New ed.]."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2015). Zika virus outbreaks in the Americas. Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec., 90, 609\u2013610."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2012). Global Strategy for Dengue Prevention and Control. 2012\u20132020, WHO Press."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade (2009). 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