{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T04:28:43Z","timestamp":1788496123181,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCDD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Conventionally, scuba diving has been discouraged for adult patients with congenital heart disease (ACHD). This restrictive sports advice is based on expert opinion in the absence of high-quality diving-specific studies. However, as survival and quality of life in congenital heart disease (CHD) patients have dramatically improved in the last decades, a critical appraisal whether such restrictive sports advice is still applicable is warranted. In this review, the cardiovascular effects of diving are described and a framework for the work-up for ACHD patients wishing to engage in scuba diving is provided. In addition, diving recommendations for specific CHD diagnostic groups are proposed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd10010020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T06:33:44Z","timestamp":1672814024000},"page":"20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["SCUBA Diving in Adult Congenital Heart Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Robert M.","family":"Kauling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Thorax Center, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1472-1429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rienk","family":"Rienks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CardioExpert Clinic for Sports and Occupational Cardiology, 1087 DK Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith A. A. E.","family":"Cuypers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Thorax Center, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harald T.","family":"Jorstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6770-3830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jolien W.","family":"Roos-Hesselink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Thorax Center, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart), 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"PADI (2022, November 24). 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