{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T13:12:14Z","timestamp":1775826734604,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCDD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Obesity is reported to have a protective effect on mortality in pulmonary hypertension (PH), a phenomenon known as obesity paradox. However, the data are conflicting, with some studies showing decreased mortality while other studies found no effect of obesity on mortality. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine whether there is an association between obesity and mortality in PH. Only patients with PH diagnosed by right heart catheterization were included. We also performed a sub-group analysis of subjects with pre-capillary PH only. A total of six studies met the inclusion criteria, with a sample size of 13,987 patients. Obese subjects had lower mortality compared to non-obese subjects in the combined pre- and post-capillary PH group (hazard ratio 0.79, 95% CI 0.66\u20130.95, p = 0.01). While obesity was associated with reduction in mortality in the pre-capillary PH group (hazard ratio 0.77, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.98, p = 0.03), this was not uniform across all studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd10100419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T07:49:29Z","timestamp":1696578569000},"page":"419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effect of Obesity on Mortality in Pulmonary Hypertension\u2014A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Raju","family":"Reddy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saminder Singh","family":"Kalra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4224-0892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bashar","family":"Alzghoul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3091-632X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akram","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yazan","family":"Zayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.39","article-title":"Prevalence of obesity and trends in the distribution of body mass index among US adults, 1999\u20132010","volume":"307","author":"Flegal","year":"2012","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa052256","article-title":"Trends in prevalence and outcome of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"355","author":"Owan","year":"2006","journal-title":"N. 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