{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T14:29:21Z","timestamp":1780583361503,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]],"date-time":"2024-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"French Government as part of the \u201cInvestments of the Future\u201d program managed by the National Research Agency (ANR)","award":["ANR-10-IAHU-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-10-IAHU-04"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCDD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a recognized therapy for heart failure with altered ejection fraction and abnormal left ventricular activation time. Since the introduction of the therapy, a 30% rate of non-responders is observed and unchanged. The 12-lead ECG remains the only recommended tool for patient selection to CRT. The 12-lead ECG is, however, limited in its inability to provide a precise pattern of regional electrical activity. Electrocardiographic imaging (ECGi) provides a non-invasive detailed mapping of cardiac activation and therefore appears as a promising tool for CRT candidates. The non-invasive ventricular activation maps acquired by ECGi have been primarily explored for the diagnosis and guidance of therapy in patients with atrial or ventricular tachyarrhythmia. However, the accuracy of the system in this field is lacking and needs further improvement before considering a clinical application. On the other hand, its use for patient selection for CRT is encouraging. In this review, we introduce the technical considerations and we describe how ECGi can precisely characterize ventricular activation, especially in patients with left bundle branch block, thus identifying the electrical substrate responsive to CRT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd11010024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]],"date-time":"2024-01-15T04:54:38Z","timestamp":1705294478000},"page":"24","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Current Role of Electrocardiographic Imaging in Patient Selection for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Saer","family":"Abu-Alrub","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3348-6548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Strik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardio-Thoracic Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire), 33600 Pessac-Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Universit\u00e9, F-33600 Pessac-Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Huntjens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Ha\u00efssaguerre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardio-Thoracic Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire), 33600 Pessac-Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Universit\u00e9, F-33600 Pessac-Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3183-7084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romain","family":"Eschalier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Bordachar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardio-Thoracic Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire), 33600 Pessac-Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Universit\u00e9, F-33600 Pessac-Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvain","family":"Ploux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardio-Thoracic Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire), 33600 Pessac-Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Universit\u00e9, F-33600 Pessac-Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.05.022","article-title":"Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Patients with Minimal Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"58","author":"Adabag","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. 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