{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T08:05:57Z","timestamp":1785571557027,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCDD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) poses a significant health burden, particularly among individuals of low socioeconomic status (SES) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study evaluates the clinical effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in addressing CVD outcomes among very low-SES patients in Colombia. Data from participants enrolled in a CR program in Colombia between 2022 and 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. Measures included heart-healthy behaviors, physical\/psychological outcomes, and quality of life assessed at 18, 36, and 60 sessions. Significant improvements were observed in exercise capacity, psychological well-being, and quality of life metrics throughout the CR program. However, barriers to CR attendance and the critical need for expanded program availability remain evident, particularly in LMIC settings like Colombia. In conclusion, structured CR programs demonstrate substantial benefits for very low-SES individuals in a LMIC country, highlighting the urgent need for increased program accessibility and equitable healthcare provision to optimize cardiovascular health outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd11090255","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T12:38:43Z","timestamp":1724416723000},"page":"255","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluating the Clinical Effectiveness of Cardiac Rehabilitation among Patients of Very Low Socioeconomic Status Living in Colombia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7946-3718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela L. M.","family":"Ghisi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"KITE Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4G 1R7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2938-3116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Paula Delgado","family":"Bomtempo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nelson F.","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mediagnostica Tecmedi S.A.S., Duitama 150007, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna Patricia","family":"Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mediagnostica Tecmedi S.A.S., Duitama 150007, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8649-7289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia V.","family":"Anchique","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mediagnostica Tecmedi S.A.S., Duitama 150007, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.11.007","article-title":"Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risks Collaborators. 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