{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:34:30Z","timestamp":1760146470688,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCDD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) affects all cardiac chambers to cause left ventricular (LV) deformation as well as left atrial (LA) remodeling and functional impairment. We investigated the associations of the LA volume index (LAVI):LV ejection fraction (LVEF) ratio with the increased risk of death, heart transplant, or LV assist device implantation (LVAD) in patients with ATTR-CM. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study involving 69 heart failure (HF) patients with ATTR-CM at an academic medical center between 1 November 2008 and 31 March 2024. ATTR-CM was diagnosed using a technetium\u2013diphosphonate\/pyrophosphate scan or an endomyocardial biopsy. The LAVI and LVEF were measured by echocardiography. Cox proportional hazards models were used for the analysis. Results: The mean (SD) age of the participants was 77.5 (9.3) years. Over a median (IQR) follow-up period of 1.96 (0.67\u20132.82) years, we observed 24 composite events that included twenty-two deaths, two heart transplants, and two LVAD implantations (who subsequently died). In multivariable-adjusted analyses that accounted for age and the glomerular filtration rate, a one-unit increase in the LAVI:LVEF ratio was associated with a doubling of the risk (HR, 95% CI: 2.06, 1.11\u20133.82) of experiencing the composite outcome. Conclusions: A one-unit increase in the LAVI:LVEF ratio was associated with an increased risk of death, heart transplant, or LVAD implantation in patients with ATTR-CM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd11110363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T04:02:54Z","timestamp":1731038574000},"page":"363","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Associations of Left Atrial Volume Index to Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Ratio with Clinical Outcomes in Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Yeabsra K.","family":"Aleligne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1734-2755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Machelle D.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95616, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Cadeiras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sutter Medical Foundation, Sacramento, CA 95816, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shirin","family":"Jimenez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stella","family":"Yala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pablo E.","family":"Acevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5796-309X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David A.","family":"Liem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3995-7689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie T.","family":"Bidwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, Family Caregiving Institute, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9687-7541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Imo A.","family":"Ebong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12518","article-title":"Transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis: An update on diagnosis and treatment","volume":"6","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2021.02.016","article-title":"Influence of Ventricular Wringing on the Preservation of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Cardiac Amyloidosis","volume":"34","author":"Mora","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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The presentation at the HFSA was in abstract form only and was based on a sub-sample of the patient population evaluated in this study."}],"container-title":["Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2308-3425\/11\/11\/363\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:28:38Z","timestamp":1760113718000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2308-3425\/11\/11\/363"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["jcdd11110363"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcdd11110363","relation":{},"ISSN":["2308-3425"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2308-3425"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]]}}}