{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T23:57:16Z","timestamp":1791244636658,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":185,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCDD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cancer therapy-induced hypertension (HTN) is an increasingly recognized complication associated with a wide range of anticancer agents, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors, proteasome inhibitors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and alkylating agents. The pathogenesis of HTN in this setting is multifactorial, involving mechanisms such as endothelial dysfunction, nitric oxide (NO) suppression, sympathetic nervous system activation, and vascular remodeling. Additional factors, including paraneoplastic syndromes, poorly controlled pain, mood disturbances, and overlapping cardiovascular risk factors like obesity and diabetes, further contribute to the complexity of diagnosis and management. Despite its prevalence and clinical implications, cancer therapy-induced HTN is often addressed using general population guidelines, with limited oncology-specific protocols available. Accurate blood pressure measurement and individualized treatment plans are critical to optimize outcomes and avoid interruptions to cancer therapy. Antihypertensive agents such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), and calcium channel blockers have shown efficacy in both blood pressure control and, in some cases, oncologic outcomes. A multidisciplinary approach involving oncologists, cardiologists, and primary care providers is essential to navigate the interplay between cancer treatment and cardiovascular health. Ongoing research is needed to develop targeted guidelines and improve the long-term care of cancer patients affected by treatment-induced HTN.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd12060235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T05:08:39Z","timestamp":1750309719000},"page":"235","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Navigating the Complexities of Cancer Treatment-Induced Hypertension"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jose","family":"Arriola-Montenegro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0954-2947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8930-4611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria L.","family":"Gonzalez Suarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-023-00723-4","article-title":"Trends in the approval of cancer therapies by the FDA in the twenty-first century","volume":"22","author":"Scott","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pkaa076","DOI":"10.1093\/jncics\/pkaa076","article-title":"Cardiovascular Toxicity of Targeted Therapies for Cancer: An Overview of Systematic Reviews","volume":"4","author":"Luu","year":"2020","journal-title":"JNCI Cancer Spectr."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e002661","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.115.002661","article-title":"Cancer Therapy-Related Cardiac Dysfunction and Heart Failure: Part 1: Definitions, Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, and Imaging","volume":"9","author":"Bloom","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab674","article-title":"Defining cardiovascular toxicities of cancer therapies: An International Cardio-Oncology Society (IC-OS) consensus statement","volume":"43","author":"Herrmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4229","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac244","article-title":"2022 ESC Guidelines on cardio-oncology developed in collaboration with the European Hematology Association (EHA), the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ESTRO) and the International Cardio-Oncology Society (IC-OS)","volume":"43","author":"Lyon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e46","DOI":"10.1161\/HYP.0000000000000224","article-title":"Cancer Therapy-Related Hypertension: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association","volume":"80","author":"Cohen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2040-4603.2014.tb00567.x","article-title":"Classical Renin-Angiotensin system in kidney physiology","volume":"4","author":"Sparks","year":"2014","journal-title":"Compr. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00042.2012","article-title":"Renal autoregulation in health and disease","volume":"95","author":"Wilcox","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3955","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2014.271676","article-title":"Pressure natriuresis and the renal control of arterial blood pressure","volume":"592","author":"Ivy","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2012.191","article-title":"The role of the kidney in regulating arterial blood pressure","volume":"8","author":"Wadei","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1770","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1613984","article-title":"Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Cancer","volume":"376","author":"Rosner","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"924","article-title":"Nephrotoxicity of anticancer treatment","volume":"32","author":"Malyszko","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nephrol. Dial. Transplant."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1097\/PAP.0000000000000122","article-title":"Antineoplastic Treatment and Renal Injury: An Update on Renal Pathology Due to Cytotoxic and Targeted Therapies","volume":"23","author":"Troxell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Anat. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-021-00405-7","article-title":"Kidney injury and disease in patients with haematological malignancies","volume":"17","author":"Bridoux","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1188\/08.ONF.603-611","article-title":"Relationships among pain, sleep disturbances, and depressive symptoms in outpatients from a comprehensive cancer center","volume":"35","author":"McMillan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Oncol. Nurs. Forum"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2016.11.004","article-title":"Depression in cancer: The many biobehavioral pathways driving tumor progression","volume":"52","author":"Bortolato","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Treat. Rev."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e53","DOI":"10.1161\/HYP.0000000000000084","article-title":"Resistant Hypertension: Detection, Evaluation, and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association","volume":"72","author":"Carey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2409","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612811319130009","article-title":"Sleep loss and hypertension: A systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Palagini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2016.04.008","article-title":"Shared Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: Implications for Preventive Health and Clinical Care in Oncology Patients","volume":"32","author":"Johnson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2021.0032","article-title":"Neuroendocrine and Adrenal Tumors, Version 2.2021, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology","volume":"19","author":"Shah","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Natl. Compr. Canc Netw."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2022.03.034","article-title":"Renin Production by Juxtaglomerular Cell Tumors and Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and the Role of Angiotensin Signaling Inhibitors","volume":"97","author":"Gupta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-018-0804-z","article-title":"Pheochromocytomas and Hypertension","volume":"20","author":"Pappachan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Hypertens. Rep."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0b013e3181ebb2a5","article-title":"The NANETS Consensus Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Neuroendocrine Tumors: Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Jejunum, Ileum, Appendix, and Cecum","volume":"39","author":"Boudreaux","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.4065\/mcp.2010.0099","article-title":"Paraneoplastic syndromes: An approach to diagnosis and treatment","volume":"85","author":"Pelosof","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Haq, N., Taherian, M., and Rout, P. (2025). Adrenal Cortical Nodular Hyperplasia. StatPearls, StatPearls Publishing LLC."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1989.00390090135028","article-title":"Arterial hypertension as a paraneoplastic phenomenon in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"149","author":"Kew","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(03)00865-3","article-title":"Secondary hypertension due to a renin-producing teratoma","volume":"16","author":"Pursell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"e35294","article-title":"Hypertension and Ovarian Cancer: A Case-Control Study in Saudi Arabia","volume":"15","author":"Alrobaiq","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1161\/hh1101.092034","article-title":"Human urotensin II-induced contraction and arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation are mediated by RhoA and Rho-kinase","volume":"88","author":"Sauzeau","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2006.02.007","article-title":"Endothelin-1 promotes cell survival in renal cell carcinoma through the ET(A) receptor","volume":"246","author":"Pflug","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2015.2345","article-title":"Plasma concentrations of adrenomedullin and natriuretic peptides in patients with essential hypertension","volume":"9","author":"Hu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, H.Y., Wang, F.Z., Chang, R., Wang, Q., Liu, S.Y., Cheng, Z.X., Gao, Q., Zhou, H., and Zhou, Y.-B. (2023). Adrenomedullin Improves Hypertension and Vascular Remodeling partly through the Receptor-Mediated AMPK Pathway in Rats with Obesity-Related Hypertension. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043943"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2775","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI123825","article-title":"Shear stress-induced endothelial adrenomedullin signaling regulates vascular tone and blood pressure","volume":"129","author":"Iring","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-024-01740-5","article-title":"Effect of adrenomedullin on obesity-related hypertension","volume":"47","author":"Mogi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hypertens. Res."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199101000-00004","article-title":"A simplified diagnostic approach to pheochromocytoma. A review of the literature and report of one institution\u2019s experience","volume":"70","author":"Stein","year":"1991","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1128139","article-title":"The protean manifestations of pheochromocytoma","volume":"41","author":"Manger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Horm. Metab. Res."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1080\/10253890701395896","article-title":"Pheochromocytoma as a catecholamine producing tumor: Implications for clinical practice","volume":"10","author":"Zelinka","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stress"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2011.02.002","article-title":"Hypertension in pheochromocytoma: Characteristics and treatment","volume":"40","author":"Zuber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-004-0044-2","article-title":"Pheochromocytoma: Diagnosis and management update","volume":"6","author":"Manger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr. Hypertens. Rep."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(01)02319-6","article-title":"Clinical applications of arterial stiffness; definitions and reference values","volume":"15","author":"Staessen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21590","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2020","volume":"70","author":"Siegel","year":"2020","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21551","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2019","volume":"69","author":"Siegel","year":"2019","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2013.04.106","article-title":"Baseline hypertension: New insight into the potential predictors of survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"168","author":"Hu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1979","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S251943","article-title":"Increased Level of Systolic Blood Pressure in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. Syndr. Obes."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.2174\/156800911795538084","article-title":"Impact of renin-angiotensin system in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"11","author":"Yoshiji","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Cancer Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2335","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa032691","article-title":"Bevacizumab plus irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin for metastatic colorectal cancer","volume":"350","author":"Hurwitz","year":"2004","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1308345","article-title":"Bevacizumab plus radiotherapy-temozolomide for newly diagnosed glioblastoma","volume":"370","author":"Chinot","year":"2014","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450115666141120120145","article-title":"Inhibition of the VEGF\/VEGFR pathway improves survival in advanced kidney cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Iacovelli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2542","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa061884","article-title":"Paclitaxel-carboplatin alone or with bevacizumab for non-small-cell lung cancer","volume":"355","author":"Sandler","year":"2006","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oura, K., Morishita, A., Tadokoro, T., Fujita, K., Tani, J., and Kobara, H. (2024). Immune Microenvironment and the Effect of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibition in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252413590"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-021-01605-5","article-title":"The role of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer","volume":"126","author":"Murphy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7487","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-07-1017","article-title":"Clinical and biological significance of vascular endothelial growth factor in endometrial cancer","volume":"13","author":"Kamat","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2003-0027","article-title":"Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor: Basic Science and Clinical Progress","volume":"25","author":"Ferrara","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7099","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-1443","article-title":"BAY 43-9006 Exhibits Broad Spectrum Oral Antitumor Activity and Targets the RAF\/MEK\/ERK Pathway and Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Involved in Tumor Progression and Angiogenesis","volume":"64","author":"Wilhelm","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2039","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0706596","article-title":"Tumor angiogenesis","volume":"358","author":"Kerbel","year":"2008","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa060655","article-title":"Sorafenib in advanced clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma","volume":"356","author":"Escudier","year":"2007","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa065044","article-title":"Sunitinib versus interferon alfa in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma","volume":"356","author":"Motzer","year":"2007","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvz022","article-title":"Vascular Cardio-Oncology: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor inhibitors and hypertension","volume":"115","author":"Versmissen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.11.001","article-title":"VEGF signalling inhibition-induced proteinuria: Mechanisms, significance, and management","volume":"46","author":"Izzedine","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67661","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.11813","article-title":"Incidence and risk of hypertension associated with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer patients: A comprehensive network meta-analysis of 72 randomized controlled trials involving 30,013 patients","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e028050","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.122.028050","article-title":"Treatment and Implications of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitor-Induced Blood Pressure Rise: A Clinical Cohort Study","volume":"12","author":"Kabadayi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1100265","article-title":"Cardiovascular Toxic Effects of Targeted Cancer Therapies","volume":"375","author":"Moslehi","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28972","article-title":"Clinical risk factors for the development of hypertension in patients treated with inhibitors of the VEGF signaling pathway","volume":"121","author":"Hamnvik","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/s41397-024-00342-1","article-title":"Contribution of plasma levels of VEGF-A and angiopoietin-2 in addition to a genetic variant in KCNAB1 to predict the risk of bevacizumab-induced hypertension","volume":"24","author":"Quintanilha","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics J."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.10271","article-title":"Mechanisms of VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) Inhibitor-Associated Hypertension and Vascular Disease","volume":"71","author":"Pandey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-018-0709-2","article-title":"Cardiovascular Toxicities with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis of 77 Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"38","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Drug Investig."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Z.F., Wang, T., Liu, L.H., and Guo, H.Q. (2014). Risks of proteinuria associated with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0090135"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.15409","article-title":"Prevalence and management of proteinuria associated with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment in advanced renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and thyroid cancer","volume":"31","author":"Kato","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010020167","article-title":"Bevacizumab increases risk for severe proteinuria in cancer patients","volume":"21","author":"Wu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1097\/00041552-200401000-00002","article-title":"The role of VEGF-A in glomerular development and function","volume":"13","author":"Eremina","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/s11523-015-0368-7","article-title":"Renal Toxicities of Targeted Therapies","volume":"10","author":"Abbas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Target. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-020-01281-8","article-title":"Ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) as a target for anticancer treatment","volume":"43","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s12012-016-9378-7","article-title":"Molecular Mechanisms of the Cardiotoxicity of the Proteasomal-Targeted Drugs Bortezomib and Carfilzomib","volume":"17","author":"Hasinoff","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccao.2022.12.005","article-title":"Cardiovascular Toxicity of Proteasome Inhibitors: Underlying Mechanisms and Management Strategies: JACC: Cardio Oncology State-of-the-Art Review","volume":"5","author":"Georgiopoulos","year":"2023","journal-title":"JACC Cardio Oncol."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s40959-021-00101-2","article-title":"Etiology and management of hypertension in patients with cancer","volume":"7","author":"Mohammed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardio-oncology"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chari, A., and Hajje, D. (2014). Case series discussion of cardiac and vascular events following carfilzomib treatment: Possible mechanism, screening, and monitoring. BMC Cancer, 14.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-14-915"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-020-00931-w","article-title":"Proteasome Inhibitor-Related Cardiotoxicity: Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Management","volume":"22","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(17)30578-8","article-title":"Carfilzomib or bortezomib in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (ENDEAVOR): An interim overall survival analysis of an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial","volume":"18","author":"Dimopoulos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2013.089334","article-title":"Integrated safety profile of single-agent carfilzomib: Experience from 526 patients enrolled in 4 phase II clinical studies","volume":"98","author":"Siegel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.3568","article-title":"Real-world experience of carfilzomib-associated cardiovascular adverse events: SEER-Medicare data set analysis","volume":"10","author":"Bishnoi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e174519","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2017.4519","article-title":"Carfilzomib-Associated Cardiovascular Adverse Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Waxman","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2425","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1509388","article-title":"Ibrutinib as Initial Therapy for Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia","volume":"373","author":"Burger","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00667-4","article-title":"Ibrutinib versus temsirolimus in patients with relapsed or refractory mantle-cell lymphoma: An international, randomised, open-label, phase 3 study","volume":"387","author":"Dreyling","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e112","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(19)30210-8","article-title":"Acalabrutinib monotherapy in patients with Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia: A single-arm, multicentre, phase 2 study","volume":"7","author":"Owen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-022-01302-7","article-title":"Hypertension and incident cardiovascular events after next-generation BTKi therapy initiation","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020006844","article-title":"A randomized phase 3 trial of zanubrutinib vs ibrutinib in symptomatic Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia: The ASPEN study","volume":"136","author":"Tam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Caldeira, D., Alves, D., Costa, J., Ferreira, J.J., and Pinto, F.J. (2019). Ibrutinib increases the risk of hypertension and atrial fibrillation: Systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, 14.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0211228"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2019000840","article-title":"Hypertension and incident cardiovascular events following ibrutinib initiation","volume":"134","author":"Dickerson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39218","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.16836","article-title":"The Bruton\u2019s tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib exerts immunomodulatory effects through regulation of tumor-infiltrating macrophages","volume":"8","author":"Ping","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.149690","article-title":"Hypertension induced by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib is associated with increased circulating endothelin-1 levels","volume":"56","author":"Kappers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70003-2","article-title":"Incidence and risk of hypertension with sorafenib in patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Wu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1406037","article-title":"Combined BRAF and MEK inhibition versus BRAF inhibition alone in melanoma","volume":"371","author":"Long","year":"2014","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2018.06.017","article-title":"Cardiotoxicity mechanisms of the combination of BRAF-inhibitors and MEK-inhibitors","volume":"192","author":"Bronte","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccao.2022.01.096","article-title":"Mechanistic and Clinical Overview Cardiovascular Toxicity of BRAF and MEK Inhibitors: JACC: CardioOncology State-of-the-Art Review","volume":"4","author":"Glen","year":"2022","journal-title":"JACC Cardio Oncol."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pandey, S., Kashfi, S., Hong, S., Kalaria, A., and Kim, A.S. (2024). Onco-Hypertension in Patients with Kidney Disease. Am. J. Nephrol., 1\u201314.","DOI":"10.1159\/000538375"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e198890","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.8890","article-title":"Cardiovascular Adverse Events Associated With BRAF and MEK Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"2","author":"Mincu","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3862","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.3938","article-title":"Cardiovascular adverse events associated with BRAF versus BRAF\/MEK inhibitor: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis using two large national registries","volume":"10","author":"Guha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70051-8","article-title":"Vemurafenib in patients with BRAF(V600) mutated metastatic melanoma: An open-label, multicentre, safety study","volume":"15","author":"Larkin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2336","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfad195","article-title":"Management of hypertension in patients with cancer: Challenges and considerations","volume":"16","author":"Pandey","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Kidney J."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000077441.45309.08","article-title":"Baroreflex failure as a late sequela of neck irradiation","volume":"42","author":"Sharabi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1296.063","article-title":"Cardiovascular responses to stress after carotid baroreceptor denervation in humans","volume":"1018","author":"Timmers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000002286","article-title":"Severe impaired blood pressure control caused by baroreflex failure as a late sequela of neck irradiation","volume":"38","author":"Piani","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s13014-021-01764-y","article-title":"Radiation-induced kidney toxicity: Molecular and cellular pathogenesis","volume":"16","author":"Klaus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiat. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1159\/000187412","article-title":"Clinical course of late-onset bone marrow transplant nephropathy","volume":"64","author":"Cohen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2000.00241.x","article-title":"Radiation nephropathy after bone marrow transplantation","volume":"58","author":"Cohen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1097\/HP.0000000000000935","article-title":"Radiation Nephropathy in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Partial-Body Irradiation With Minimal Bone Marrow Sparing-Part 2: Histopathology, Mediators, and Mechanisms","volume":"116","author":"Parker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Phys."},{"key":"ref_107","first-page":"49","article-title":"Radiation-induced kidney injury","volume":"1","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Ren. Inj. Prev."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2003.tb10475.x","article-title":"Bilateral renal artery stenosis after abdominal radiotherapy for Hodgkin\u2019s disease","volume":"57","author":"Saka","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ancard.2008.09.005","article-title":"Renal artery stenosis after abdominal radiotherapy","volume":"58","author":"Bali","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Cardiol. Angeiol."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.2174\/1871520621666210811105344","article-title":"Alkylating Agents, the Road Less Traversed, Changing Anticancer Therapy","volume":"22","author":"Karati","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anticancer. Agents Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2019.03.003","article-title":"Rethinking Alkylating(-Like) Agents for Solid Tumor Management","volume":"40","author":"Lajous","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.2147\/JMDH.S498387","article-title":"Cancer Recurrence Fear and Return to Work in Breast Cancer Survivors: The Mediating Effects of Health Literacy","volume":"18","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Multidiscip. Healthc."},{"key":"ref_113","first-page":"Cd008944","article-title":"Early and late adverse renal effects after potentially nephrotoxic treatment for childhood cancer","volume":"3","author":"Kooijmans","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2011.09.002","article-title":"Endothelial vascular toxicity from chemotherapeutic agents: Preclinical evidence and clinical implications","volume":"38","author":"Soultati","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Treat. Rev."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2003.12.012","article-title":"Microalbuminuria, decreased fibrinolysis, and inflammation as early signs of atherosclerosis in long-term survivors of disseminated testicular cancer","volume":"40","author":"Nuver","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_116","first-page":"18","article-title":"Coronary heart disease and hypertension as late effects of testicular cancer treatment\u2014A minireview","volume":"24","year":"2011","journal-title":"Klin. Onkol."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.09620911","article-title":"Renal dysfunction and elevated blood pressure in long-term childhood cancer survivors","volume":"7","author":"Knijnenburg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccao.2019.11.009","article-title":"Hypertension in Cancer Patients and Survivors: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management","volume":"1","author":"Cohen","year":"2019","journal-title":"JACC Cardio Oncol."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000002006","article-title":"Arterial hypertension in patients under antineoplastic therapy: A systematic review","volume":"37","author":"Katsi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Herrad\u00f3n, E., Gonz\u00e1lez, C., Uranga, J.A., Abalo, R., Mart\u00edn, M.I., and L\u00f3pez-Miranda, V. (2017). Characterization of Cardiovascular Alterations Induced by Different Chronic Cisplatin Treatments. Front. Pharmacol., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00196"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-020-02480-4","article-title":"Platinum accumulation in the brain and alteration in the central regulation of cardiovascular and respiratory functions in oxaliplatin-treated rats","volume":"473","author":"Rahman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pflug. Arch."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4980","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.06.882","article-title":"Blood pressure and body mass index in long-term survivors of testicular cancer","volume":"23","author":"Sagstuen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4055","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-07-102061","article-title":"Chemical proteomic profiles of the BCR-ABL inhibitors imatinib, nilotinib, and dasatinib reveal novel kinase and nonkinase targets","volume":"110","author":"Rix","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mulas, O., Caocci, G., Mola, B., and La Nasa, G. (2021). Arterial Hypertension and Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front. Pharmacol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.674748"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31958","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.24110","article-title":"Ponatinib exerts anti-angiogenic effects in the zebrafish and human umbilical vein endothelial cells via blocking VEGFR signaling pathway","volume":"9","author":"Ai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2388","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2017.245","article-title":"Nilotinib-induced vasculopathy: Identification of vascular endothelial cells as a primary target site","volume":"31","author":"Hadzijusufovic","year":"2017","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2014.11.004","article-title":"Current treatment strategies for inhibiting mTOR in cancer","volume":"36","author":"Chiarini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-118907","article-title":"PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR Pathway in Ovarian Cancer Treatment: Are We on the Right Track?","volume":"77","author":"Gasparri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karar, J., and Maity, A. (2011). PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR Pathway in Angiogenesis. Front. Mol. Neurosci., 4.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2011.00051"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(15)00290-9","article-title":"Lenvatinib, everolimus, and the combination in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A randomised, phase 2, open-label, multicentre trial","volume":"16","author":"Motzer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trre.2014.03.002","article-title":"Strategies for the management of adverse events associated with mTOR inhibitors","volume":"28","author":"Kaplan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transpl. Rev."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61039-9","article-title":"Efficacy of everolimus in advanced renal cell carcinoma: A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase III trial","volume":"372","author":"Motzer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-7176.2010.00386.x","article-title":"Hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance in patients with diabetes mellitus or the cardiometabolic syndrome: Benefits of vasodilating \u03b2-blockers","volume":"13","author":"Deedwania","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-2189","article-title":"Clinical and biochemical consequences of CYP17A1 inhibition with abiraterone given with and without exogenous glucocorticoids in castrate men with advanced prostate cancer","volume":"97","author":"Attard","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2465","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1800536","article-title":"Enzalutamide in Men with Nonmetastatic, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer","volume":"378","author":"Hussain","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-022-01067-z","article-title":"Incidence of hypertension in young transgender people after a 5-year follow-up: Association with gender-affirming hormonal therapy","volume":"46","author":"Kuzior","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hypertens. Res."},{"key":"ref_137","first-page":"Cd003407","article-title":"Erythropoietin or darbepoetin for patients with cancer","volume":"12","author":"Tonia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2895-8_14","article-title":"Glucocorticoids and Cancer","volume":"872","author":"Pufall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(99)70413-0","article-title":"Mechanism of erythropoietin-induced hypertension","volume":"33","author":"Vaziri","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"ref_140","first-page":"E113","article-title":"Role of nitric oxide resistance in erythropoietin-induced hypertension in rats with chronic renal failure","volume":"271","author":"Vaziri","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-011-1928-4","article-title":"Glucocorticoid-induced hypertension","volume":"27","author":"Goodwin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-004-0046-0","article-title":"Glucocorticoid excess and hypertension","volume":"6","author":"Baid","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr. Hypertens. Rep."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-121-4-199408150-00011","article-title":"Do nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs affect blood pressure? A meta-analysis","volume":"121","author":"Johnson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_144","first-page":"246","article-title":"Hypertension in patients with cancer","volume":"104","author":"Souza","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arq. Bras. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.5301\/jn.5000174","article-title":"Pathogenesis of calcineurin inhibitor-induced hypertension","volume":"25","author":"Hoorn","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867323666151221150052","article-title":"The Role of Immunosuppressive Medications in the Pathogenesis of Hypertension and Efficacy and Safety of Antihypertensive Agents in Kidney Transplant Recipients","volume":"23","author":"Divac","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S81","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.62.s82.16.x","article-title":"Influence of the new immunosuppressive combinations on arterial hypertension after renal transplantation","volume":"82","author":"Morales","year":"2002","journal-title":"Kidney Int. Suppl."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199704150-00025","article-title":"Isradipine for the prevention of cyclosporine-induced hypertension in allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients: A randomized, double-blind study","volume":"63","author":"Bursztyn","year":"1997","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-015-0272-z","article-title":"Incidence and risk of hypertension with ramucirumab in cancer patients: A meta-analysis of published studies","volume":"35","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Drug Investig."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51492","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.18190","article-title":"Bevacizumab significantly increases the risks of hypertension and proteinuria in cancer patients: A systematic review and comprehensive meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e34793","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000034793","article-title":"Risk of antiangiogenic adverse events in metastatic colorectal cancer patients receiving aflibercept in combination with chemotherapy: A meta-analysis","volume":"102","author":"Ge","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-012-2025-5","article-title":"Incidence and risk of hypertension with pazopanib in patients with cancer: A meta-analysis","volume":"71","author":"Qi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_153","unstructured":"(2025, June 01). PARAPLATIN (Carboplatin) [Prescribing Information]: Food and Drug Administration, Available online: https:\/\/dailymed.nlm.nih.gov\/dailymed\/drugInfo.cfm?setid=f88e0483-09be-4f60-be8f-964c02e3ece0."},{"key":"ref_154","unstructured":"(2025, June 01). TORISEL (Temsirolimus) [Prescribing Information]: Food and Drug Administration, Available online: https:\/\/dailymed.nlm.nih.gov\/dailymed\/drugInfo.cfm?setid=95b7dc92-2180-42f1-8699-3c28f609e674."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30142-6","article-title":"Encorafenib plus binimetinib versus vemurafenib or encorafenib in patients with BRAF-mutant melanoma (COLUMBUS): A multicentre, open-label, randomised phase 3 trial","volume":"19","author":"Dummer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3201","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-021-01252-y","article-title":"Pooled analysis of safety data from clinical trials evaluating acalabrutinib monotherapy in mature B-cell malignancies","volume":"35","author":"Furman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_157","unstructured":"(2025, June 01). DANZITEN (Nilotinib) [Prescribing Information]: Food and Drug Administration, Available online: https:\/\/dailymed.nlm.nih.gov\/dailymed\/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d288d165-3505-49bb-9b2e-124490d65f49."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1161\/HYP.0000000000000066","article-title":"2017 ACC\/AHA\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACPM\/AGS\/APhA\/ASH\/ASPC\/NMA\/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"71","author":"Whelton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001197","article-title":"Sources of inaccuracy in the measurement of adult patients\u2019 resting blood pressure in clinical settings: A systematic review","volume":"35","author":"Kallioinen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.10479","article-title":"Blood Pressure Measurement in SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial)","volume":"71","author":"Johnson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jash.2017.06.012","article-title":"Barriers to conducting ambulatory and home blood pressure monitoring during hypertension screening in the United States","volume":"11","author":"Kronish","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.10057","article-title":"Effect of self-monitoring and medication self-titration on systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease: The TASMIN-SR randomized clinical trial","volume":"312","author":"McManus","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_163","first-page":"3s","article-title":"2018 ESC\/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Society of Hypertension (ESH)","volume":"19","author":"Williams","year":"2018","journal-title":"G. Ital. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.04.009","article-title":"Clinical Approach to Cardiovascular Toxicity of Oral Antineoplastic Agents: JACC State-of-the-Art Review","volume":"77","author":"Rao","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djq091","article-title":"Initial assessment, surveillance, and management of blood pressure in patients receiving vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway inhibitors","volume":"102","author":"Maitland","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.01875","article-title":"Onco-Hypertension: Changing Paradigm of Treating Hypertension in Patients With Cancer","volume":"41","author":"Sahni","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s40885-022-00197-3","article-title":"Risks and management of hypertension in cancer patients undergoing targeted therapy: A review","volume":"28","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.121.318051","article-title":"Hypertension and Prohypertensive Antineoplastic Therapies in Cancer Patients","volume":"128","author":"Dobbin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.2011.02364.x","article-title":"Mechanisms responsible for the altered cardiac repolarization dispersion in experimental hypothyroidism","volume":"204","author":"Ferrer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Physiol."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e811","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001056","article-title":"Cardio-Oncology Drug Interactions: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association","volume":"145","author":"Beavers","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.992230","article-title":"Effects of novel angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of cancer on the cardiovascular system: Focus on hypertension","volume":"124","author":"Nazer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.2174\/1568009622666220517104411","article-title":"Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers as Potential Therapeutic Options for Pancreatic Cancer","volume":"22","author":"Asgharzadeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Cancer Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4597","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.13639","article-title":"Renin-Angiotensin Inhibition in Combating Malignancy: A Review","volume":"39","author":"Rosenthal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anticancer. Res."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccao.2019.08.012","article-title":"Increase in Blood Pressure Associated With Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor","volume":"1","author":"Waliany","year":"2019","journal-title":"JACC Cardio Oncol."},{"key":"ref_175","first-page":"200153","article-title":"Baseline blood pressure and development of cardiotoxicity in patients treated with anthracyclines: A systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Philip","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol. Cardiovasc. Risk Prev."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2020.107527","article-title":"Evaluating the benefits of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors as cancer treatments","volume":"211","author":"Perini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_177","first-page":"298","article-title":"Hypertension and Angiotensin System Inhibitors in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma","volume":"10","author":"Derosa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3124","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-07-4783","article-title":"Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor-a signaling induces hypertension: Examining the effect of cediranib (recentin; AZD2171) treatment on blood pressure in rat and the use of concomitant antihypertensive therapy","volume":"14","author":"Curwen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2014.11.022","article-title":"Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockade attenuates growth and metastatic potential of renal cell carcinoma in mice","volume":"33","author":"Naves","year":"2015","journal-title":"Urol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2471","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-14-2332","article-title":"Angiotensin system inhibitors and survival outcomes in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma","volume":"21","author":"McKay","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15317","article-title":"ACE (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme) Inhibitors\/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers Are Associated With Lower Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Territory-Wide Study with Propensity Score Analysis","volume":"76","author":"Cheung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1007\/s10637-010-9549-5","article-title":"Treatment of bevacizumab-induced hypertension by amlodipine","volume":"30","author":"Mir","year":"2012","journal-title":"Investig. New Drugs"},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2025.108861","article-title":"Cardiovascular therapeutic targets of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors beyond heart failure","volume":"270","author":"Armillotta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1947","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-020-00885-z","article-title":"Effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on endothelial function: A systematic review of preclinical studies","volume":"11","author":"Alshnbari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ren, C., Sun, K., Zhang, Y., Hu, Y., Hu, B., Zhao, J., He, Z., Ding, R., Wang, W., and Liang, C. (2021). Sodium-Glucose CoTransporter-2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin Ameliorates Sunitinib-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction via Regulation of AMPK-mTOR Signaling Pathway-Mediated Autophagy. Front. Pharmacol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.664181"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2308-3425\/12\/6\/235\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:54:39Z","timestamp":1760032479000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2308-3425\/12\/6\/235"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]]},"references-count":185,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["jcdd12060235"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcdd12060235","relation":{},"ISSN":["2308-3425"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2308-3425","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]]}}}