{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:37:13Z","timestamp":1760060233099,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Discovery Institute and the Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences (WU ICTS)","award":["UL1TR002345","T32 HL125241-04","1R21HD094508-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR002345","T32 HL125241-04","1R21HD094508-01A1"]}]},{"name":"Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences CTSA","award":["UL1TR002345","T32 HL125241-04","1R21HD094508-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR002345","T32 HL125241-04","1R21HD094508-01A1"]}]},{"name":"Children\u2019s Discovery Institute of Washington University and St. Louis Children\u2019s Hospital","award":["UL1TR002345","T32 HL125241-04","1R21HD094508-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR002345","T32 HL125241-04","1R21HD094508-01A1"]}]},{"name":"Missouri Chapter of the American College of Cardiology","award":["UL1TR002345","T32 HL125241-04","1R21HD094508-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR002345","T32 HL125241-04","1R21HD094508-01A1"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health (T32) Pediatric Cardiovascular","award":["UL1TR002345","T32 HL125241-04","1R21HD094508-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR002345","T32 HL125241-04","1R21HD094508-01A1"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the NIH (DMO)","award":["UL1TR002345","T32 HL125241-04","1R21HD094508-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR002345","T32 HL125241-04","1R21HD094508-01A1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCDD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Right heart catheterization (RHC) is the gold-standard for diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) but is a terminal procedure in neonatal mice. The objective was to validate echocardiographic measures of PH to establish the diagnostic capability against pulmonary vascular histology in neonatal mice. Methods: Adult mice, exposed to hypoxia or normoxia, were assessed by echocardiography and RHC to evaluate right ventricle (RV) morphometry and function. Echocardiographic measures identified in adult mice were then used to evaluate PH characteristics in hypoxia-exposed neonatal mice. Physiological parameters were compared to histopathology in all mice. Results: Hypoxia-challenged adult mice developed PH with RHC, demonstrating confirmed elevated RV systolic pressure (RVSP), RV hypertrophy, and increased cross-sectional area and neomuscularization of pulmonary vessels. Echocardiography-derived RV free wall (RVFW) thickness correlated with RV mass. Tricuspid valve annulus tissue Doppler imaging (TV TDI), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), pulmonary artery acceleration measures (PAAT), and TAPSE \u00d7 PAAT (a measure of RV work) all correlated with RVSP determined by RHC. In neonatal mice exposed to hypoxia, PAAT, TV TDI, TAPSE, and TAPSE \u00d7 PAAT were decreased and RVFW thickness was increased, correlating with the histologic phenotype of PH. Conclusions: Echocardiographic indices of RV morphology and function provide reliable estimates of invasive RV hemodynamics in hypoxia-induced PH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd12080316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T11:41:41Z","timestamp":1755603701000},"page":"316","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Echocardiographic Assessment of Pulmonary Hemodynamics and Right Ventricular Performance in Neonatal Murine Hypoxia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8891-4680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kel Vin","family":"Woo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA"},{"name":"Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5103-5834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip T.","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carla J.","family":"Weinheimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda L.","family":"Hauck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5749-7797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron","family":"Hamvas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1592-7629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David M.","family":"Ornitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Attila","family":"Kovacs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gautam K.","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children\u2019s Hospital Michigan and Central Michigan University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201409-1594OC","article-title":"Early pulmonary vascular disease in preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia","volume":"191","author":"Mourani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. 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