{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T18:09:06Z","timestamp":1762193346767,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCDD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antithrombotic therapy plays a pivotal role in reducing thromboembolic complications, including stroke and valve thrombosis, following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI). However, the benefits of such therapy must be balanced against the increased risk of major bleeding events. The optimal antithrombotic strategy in this setting remains a matter of ongoing debate, given the heterogeneity of patient profiles and procedural variables. Among TAVI recipients, women represent a growing proportion and exhibit distinct anatomical, physiological, and clinical characteristics that influence both thrombotic and bleeding risk. Compared to men, women more frequently experience vascular complications and major bleeding events, despite better survival outcomes. These differences are driven by smaller vessel caliber, higher vascular tortuosity, and altered platelet reactivity. Consequently, sex-specific risk stratification is essential when considering antiplatelet or anticoagulant regimens post-TAVI. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current evidence regarding antithrombotic strategies in the post-TAVI setting, with a dedicated focus on sex-related differences. Particular emphasis is placed on the female population, assessing ischemic and hemorrhagic outcomes and the implications for long-term management. Improving outcomes in women undergoing TAVI necessitates tailored antithrombotic strategies that balance efficacy and safety. Ongoing research and dedicated trials are essential to refine these strategies and to inform future guideline updates in this expanding patient population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd12110433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T17:32:01Z","timestamp":1762191121000},"page":"433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antithrombotic Therapy in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: Focus on Gender Differences"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9771-4980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mattia","family":"De Gregorio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Parma University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5095-1523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Denegri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Parma University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filippo Luca","family":"Gurgoglione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Parma University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Benatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Parma University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9860-7200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iacopo","family":"Tadonio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Parma University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3532-1317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilia","family":"Solinas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Parma University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8775-3464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Carino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy"},{"name":"Cardiac Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9638-857X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Agostinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Vignali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Parma University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giampaolo","family":"Niccoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Parma University Hospital, 43126 Parma, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1103510","article-title":"Transcatheter versus surgical aortic-valve replacement in high-risk patients","volume":"364","author":"Smith","year":"2011","journal-title":"N. 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