{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T21:50:20Z","timestamp":1782337820374,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCDD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This retrospective study evaluated the clinical utility of Virtual Reality (VR) in visualizing extracardiac CHD (eCHD) abnormalities involving great vessels, pericardium, or structures outside the heart in nine pediatric patients. Anonymized computed tomography angiography (CTA) DICOM images were processed using Elucis (Version 1.10 elucis next) software to generate interactive 3D models via segmentation. VR models were reviewed for a variety of cases: vascular rings (two with right aortic arch, aberrant left subclavian artery, and diverticulum of Kommerell; two with double aortic arch), pericardial teratomas (n = 2), right superior vena cava draining into the left atrium (n = 1), left pulmonary artery sling (n = 1), and aortopulmonary window (n = 1). VR video images were presented during weekly heart center conferences. A survey conducted among heart center staff assessed the perceived value of VR in clinical practice. A total of 62% found traditional diagnostic modalities very effective, 100% considered VR a valuable diagnostic tool, 65% responded positively to VR image resolution, 50% highlighted its educational benefit, 81% believed VR enhanced diagnostic accuracy and surgical planning, and 100% would recommend its use to colleagues. This study demonstrates the successful integration of VR-based segmentation into clinical workflows, underlining its potential as both an educational resource and a tool to support diagnostic and surgical decision-making.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd12120495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T15:52:59Z","timestamp":1765813979000},"page":"495","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Virtual Reality to Enhance Understanding of Congenital Heart Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9065-3651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shanti L.","family":"Narasimhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children\u2019s Hospital, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8302-7801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali H.","family":"Mashadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children\u2019s Hospital, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed Murfad","family":"Peer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Minnesota Masonic Children\u2019s Hospital, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9409-9560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kishore R.","family":"Raja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children\u2019s Hospital, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pranava","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Minnesota Masonic Children\u2019s Hospital, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3722-9031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satoshi","family":"Miyairi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Minnesota Masonic Children\u2019s Hospital, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9074-813X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Samayoa Escobar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children\u2019s Hospital, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2446-6636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Devin","family":"Chetan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children\u2019s Hospital, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Hui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7661-352X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul A.","family":"Iaizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Visible Heart<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> Laboratories, Department of Surgery, The Institute for Engineering in Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2598","DOI":"10.1111\/jocs.15508","article-title":"Fast-track virtual reality for cardiac imaging in congenital heart disease","volume":"36","author":"Raimondi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Card. Surg."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.28.6.722","article-title":"Right-sided aorta. I. Occurrence of right aortic arch in various types of congenital heart disease. II. Right aortic arch, right descending aorta, and associated anomalies","volume":"28","author":"Hastreiter","year":"1966","journal-title":"Br. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.11.4.1887119","article-title":"Vascular rings: 10-year review of imaging","volume":"11","author":"Lowe","year":"1991","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.26345","article-title":"Pulmonary artery sling: An overview","volume":"58","author":"KRahmath","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr. 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