{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T20:50:57Z","timestamp":1792183857651,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82470249"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82470249"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82370236"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82370236"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["82470249"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82470249"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["82370236"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82370236"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Open Research Fund Program of the State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering","award":["SKLBEE2021008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKLBEE2021008"]}]},{"name":"Technology Project of Sichuan Province of China","award":["2024YFFK0078"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFFK0078"]}]},{"name":"Technology Project of Sichuan Province of China","award":["2024YFFK0367"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFFK0367"]}]},{"name":"Medical Research Project Plan of Sichuan Province","award":["S22068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S22068"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCDD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: Kawasaki disease (KD) is characterized as an acute systemic vasculitis predominantly affecting young children, with coronary artery lesions (CALs) representing the most serious complication. Therapeutic resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) remains a significant clinical challenge. Consequently, numerous investigations have sought to identify predictive risk factors for IVIG resistance (IVIGR) and CAL development. Limited research has systematically evaluated the prognostic utility of electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters in KD outcome prediction. This study was therefore undertaken to assess the contributory value of ECG analysis in determining KD prognosis and therapeutic responses. Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled 255 hospitalized children diagnosed with KD at West China Second University Hospital between July 2022 and December 2024. Initially, univariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors differentiating IVIGR from non-IVIGR patients and CAL from non-CAL patients. Statistically significant parameters were subsequently incorporated into machine learning analyses. Random forest algorithms were employed to construct predictive models based on the following: (1) complete blood count parameters, (2) biochemical and metabolic profiles, (3) electrocardiographic features, and (4) a comprehensive multimodal model integrating all parameters. These models generated feature importance scores, providing hierarchical rankings that quantified the relative contribution of each predictor to outcome prediction. Results: Univariate analysis demonstrated that alterations in hematological parameters, biochemical and metabolic profiles, and electrocardiographic features were significantly associated with therapeutic responses to IVIG and CAL development. Machine learning analysis revealed that ECG parameters individually contributed modest predictive weight for KD prognosis. However, the integration of ECG features into the comprehensive model substantially enhanced the discriminatory capacity, elevating the area under the curve (AUC) to 0.92 for CAL prediction. For IVIGR prediction, ECG-exclusive models demonstrated suboptimal performance in early disease management. Nevertheless, the multimodal integration of ECG with inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers achieved a comparable AUC of 0.92 for IVIGR prediction. Conclusions: This study establishes that ECG parameter alterations are significantly associated with CAL development and IVIGR in KD patients. Although ECG features demonstrate a limited independent predictive capacity compared to inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers, their integration into comprehensive predictive models substantially enhances discriminatory performance. These findings underscore the complementary value of electrocardiographic assessment in multimodal risk stratification strategies for KD management, supporting the clinical utility of ECG analysis as an adjunctive prognostic tool when combined with conventional laboratory parameters.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd13060228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T11:03:27Z","timestamp":1779879807000},"page":"228","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Electrocardiographic Alterations Combined with Hematological, Biochemical, and Metabolic Profiles Predict Prognosis in Kawasaki Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6882-7392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qirun","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children\u2019s Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children\u2019s Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaojiao","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children\u2019s Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3381-8495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children\u2019s Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuting","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children\u2019s Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yimin","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children\u2019s Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaiyu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children\u2019s Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9612-9364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Di","family":"Qie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children\u2019s Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5114-9660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weikai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3096-4287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yifei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Women and Children\u2019s Diseases and Birth Defects, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-19-1094","article-title":"JCS\/JSCS 2020 Guideline on Diagnosis and Management of Cardiovascular Sequelae in Kawasaki Disease","volume":"84","author":"Fukazawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ. J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1760","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2017-311774","article-title":"Management of Kawasaki disease in adults","volume":"103","author":"Denby","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"365","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of kawasaki disease","volume":"91","author":"Saguil","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. Fam. Physician"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.13620","article-title":"Pitfalls in the diagnosis and management of Kawasaki disease: An update for the pediatric dermatologist","volume":"35","author":"Vervoort","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.15101","article-title":"Kawasaki disease fact check: Myths, misconceptions and mysteries","volume":"56","author":"Butters","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Paediatr. Child Health"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.10.047","article-title":"Comparison of Previous Infectious and Allergic Diseases Between Patients with Kawasaki Disease and Propensity Score-matched Controls: A Nationwide Cohort Study","volume":"255","author":"Shin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2147363","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.47363","article-title":"Temporal Correlation Between Kawasaki Disease and Infectious Diseases in South Korea","volume":"5","author":"Kang","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922814566932","article-title":"Guideline-Concordant Treatment of Kawasaki Disease with Immunoglobulin and Aspirin and the Incidence of Coronary Artery Aneurysm","volume":"54","author":"Michihata","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e927","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000484","article-title":"Diagnosis, Treatment, and Long-Term Management of Kawasaki Disease: A Scientific Statement for Health Professionals From the American Heart Association","volume":"135","author":"McCrindle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e319","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31828e887f","article-title":"Novel predictors of intravenous immunoglobulin resistance in Chinese children with Kawasaki disease","volume":"32","author":"Fu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2606","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.592865","article-title":"Prediction of intravenous immunoglobulin unresponsiveness in patients with Kawasaki disease","volume":"113","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.13223","article-title":"Risk of coronary artery lesions in young infants with Kawasaki disease: Need for a new diagnostic method","volume":"21","author":"Satoh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00016.2017","article-title":"PTX3, a Humoral Pattern Recognition Molecule, in Innate Immunity, Tissue Repair, and Cancer","volume":"98","author":"Garlanda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramirez, G.A., Rovere-Querini, P., Blasi, M., Sartorelli, S., Di Chio, M.C., Baldini, M., De Lorenzo, R., Bozzolo, E.P., Leone, R., and Mantovani, A. (2019). PTX3 Intercepts Vascular Inflammation in Systemic Immune-Mediated Diseases. Front. Immunol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01135"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, Y., Wu, Y., Yuan, C., Yin, W., Wang, B., and Ding, Y. (2023). The expression of autophagy markers in IVIG-resistant Kawasaki disease and the establishment of prediction model. BMC Pediatr., 23.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-023-04386-3"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2023.01.019","article-title":"Prediction of intravenous immunoglobulin-resistant Kawasaki disease: A research hotspot","volume":"68","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Bull."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3000605221139704","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605221139704","article-title":"A nomogram for predicting immunoglobulin-resistant Kawasaki disease in children","volume":"51","author":"Pan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, C., Wu, S., Shi, Y., Liao, Y., Sun, Y., Yan, H., Zhang, Q., Fu, J., Zhou, D., and Zhang, Y. (2022). Establishment and Validation of a Multivariate Predictive Scoring Model for Intravenous Immunoglobulin-Resistant Kawasaki Disease: A Study of Children From Two Centers in China. Front. Cardiovasc. Med., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.883067"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.4103\/apc.apc_159_22","article-title":"Intravenous immunoglobulin-resistant Kawasaki disease: Risk factors in children in a middle-income country","volume":"16","author":"Zahari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann. Pediatr. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1578","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2010.01875.x","article-title":"Serum albumin level predicts initial intravenous immunoglobulin treatment failure in Kawasaki disease","volume":"99","author":"Kuo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yi, C., Zhou, Y.N., Guo, J., Chen, J., and She, X. (2024). Novel predictors of intravenous immunoglobulin resistance in patients with Kawasaki disease: A retrospective study. Front. Immunol., 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1399150"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2016.07.035","article-title":"The Combined Usefulness of the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios in Predicting Intravenous Immunoglobulin Resistance with Kawasaki Disease","volume":"178","author":"Kawamura","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Takeshita, S., Kanai, T., Kawamura, Y., Yoshida, Y., and Nonoyama, S. (2017). A comparison of the predictive validity of the combination of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and other risk scoring systems for intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig)-resistance in Kawasaki disease. PLoS ONE, 12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0176957"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhong, X., Xie, Y., Wang, H., Chen, G., Yang, T., and Xie, J. (2024). Values of prognostic nutritional index for predicting Kawasaki disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front. Nutr., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1305775"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chang, L.S., Lin, Y.J., Yan, J.H., Guo, M.M., Lo, M.H., and Kuo, H.C. (2020). Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and scoring system for predicting coronary artery lesions of Kawasaki disease. BMC Pediatr., 20.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-020-02285-5"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, D., Liu, L., Huang, X., and Tian, J. (2020). Insights Into Coronary Artery Lesions in Kawasaki Disease. Front. Pediatr., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2020.00493"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010933404324","article-title":"Random Forests","volume":"45","author":"Breiman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mach. Learn."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1007\/s11634-016-0276-4","article-title":"A computationally fast variable importance test for random forests for high-dimensional data","volume":"12","author":"Janitza","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Data Anal. Classif."},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"Han, H., Guo, X., and Yu, H. (2016). Variable selection using Mean Decrease Accuracy and Mean Decrease Gini based on Random Forest. Proceedings of the 2016 7th IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering and Service Science (ICSESS), 26\u201328 August 2016, IEEE."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1996.tb02080.x","article-title":"Regression Shrinkage and Selection Via the Lasso","volume":"58","author":"Tibshirani","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. B"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v033.i01","article-title":"Regularization Paths for Generalized Linear Models via Coordinate Descent","volume":"33","author":"Friedman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2006.03.050","article-title":"Prediction of resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in patients with Kawasaki disease","volume":"149","author":"Egami","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.08.030","article-title":"Novel and traditional cardiovascular risk factors in children after Kawasaki disease: Implications for premature atherosclerosis","volume":"43","author":"Cheung","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199711000-00017","article-title":"Serum Amyloid A and High Density Lipoprotein Participate in the Acute Phase Response of Kawasaki Disease","volume":"42","author":"Cabana","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2025.07.008","article-title":"Usefulness of Additional ECG Indicators for Prognosis Prediction in Patients with Cardiac Sarcoidosis","volume":"11","author":"Kamoshida","year":"2025","journal-title":"JACC Clin. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70747","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.70747","article-title":"Altruism Enhances Frontal Alpha Asymmetry and Reduces Sympathetic Activity: A Multimodal EEG-ECG Study with Implications for Therapeutic Interventions","volume":"15","author":"Orui","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Behav."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-025-05225-z","article-title":"A pediatric ECG database with disease diagnosis covering 11643 children","volume":"12","author":"Tan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Data"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elgendi, M., Elkhalifa, A., Alhashmi, N., Aldahmani, A., Aljneibi, N., Alamro, D., Jelinek, H.F., Khandoker, A., and Ward, R. (npj Digit. Med., 2026). Wearable ECG and PPG for anxiety detection: A translational digital medicine perspective, npj Digit. Med., in press.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-026-02620-7"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fudim, M., Van Empel, V., Zehnder, T., Sauty, B., Esposito, C., Balazard, F., Mayer, I., Hallal, M., Loiseau, N., and Weerts, J. (2026). CONFIDENT-HFpEF: A Machine Learning-Based Risk Stratification for Mortality and Hospitalization Using Multimodal Real-World Data. ESC Heart Fail., xvag097.","DOI":"10.1093\/eschf\/xvag097"},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"324","article-title":"Prognosis and Risk Factors of Coronary Artery Lesions before Immunoglobulin Therapy in Children with Kawasaki Disease","volume":"37","author":"Qiu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Balk. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1136\/jim-2018-000898","article-title":"Coronary artery lesion risk and mediating mechanism in children with complete and incomplete Kawasaki disease","volume":"67","author":"Shi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Investig. Med."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2018.1468712","article-title":"Delayed intravenous immunoglobulin treatment increased the risk of coronary artery lesions in children with Kawasaki disease at different status","volume":"130","author":"Qiu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e068148","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-068148","article-title":"Association of red cell distribution width (RDW) and the RDW to platelet count ratio with cardiovascular disease among US adults: A cross-sectional study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999\u20132020","volume":"13","author":"Ainiwaer","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181f6fe2a","article-title":"Abnormal liver panel in acute kawasaki disease","volume":"30","author":"Eladawy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1297.015","article-title":"Aging of cardiac myocytes in culture: Oxidative stress, lipofuscin accumulation, and mitochondrial turnover","volume":"1019","author":"Terman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"773","article-title":"The frontal plane QRS-T angle","volume":"14","author":"Macfarlane","year":"2012","journal-title":"EP Eur."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2013.10.025","article-title":"A survey of the 3-decade outcome for patients with giant aneurysms caused by Kawasaki disease","volume":"167","author":"Tsuda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1097\/00006231-199705000-00005","article-title":"Kawasaki disease evaluated by two-dimensional echocardiogram and dipyridamole 201Tl-chloride myocardial SPET","volume":"18","author":"Tsai","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nucl. Med. Commun."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1177\/000331979504601105","article-title":"Myocardial scintigraphy with 99mTc-sestamibi in children with Kawasaki disease","volume":"46","author":"Schillaci","year":"1995","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pfeifer, J.M., Lee, G., Raghunath, S., Nemani, A., Green, T., Kaufman, E., Pogue, M., Banno, J., Boyden, T., and Kao, D. (Heart Rhythm, 2026). Multi-Center Validation of an Artificial Intelligence-Enabled ECG Model to Predict 1-Year Risk of Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter, Heart Rhythm, in press.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2026.03.1956"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2308-3425\/13\/6\/228\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T04:26:25Z","timestamp":1780028785000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2308-3425\/13\/6\/228"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["jcdd13060228"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcdd13060228","relation":{},"ISSN":["2308-3425"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2308-3425","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]]}}}