{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T05:19:10Z","timestamp":1787635150428,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["92570208"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92570208"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["92570208"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["92570208"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005150","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2025-I2M-XHZY-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-I2M-XHZY-004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005150","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["2025-I2M-XHZY-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-I2M-XHZY-004"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02drdmm93","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding","award":["2025-PUMCH-C-006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-PUMCH-C-006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis.","JCDD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The long-term prognosis of left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) compared to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains inconclusive, as prior studies have frequently failed to adequately adjust for heart failure severity. We conducted a single-center, retrospective, comparative study enrolling 96 patients with dilated LVNC (dLVNC) and 437 patients with DCM diagnosed at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2010 and December 2022. dLVNC was defined as meeting the Jenni criteria, with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) \u226445% and increased left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD). A 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed, with matching variables including sex, age, history of heart failure (HF) hospitalization, arrhythmia, LVEF, and LVEDD, resulting in 96 matched pairs. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), comprising cardiovascular death or heart transplantation, HF hospitalization or cardiac resynchronization therapy implantation, severe arrhythmias, and systemic embolism. After a median follow-up of 5.46 (2.14\u20138.62) years in the dLVNC group and 5.26 (2.47\u20138.50) years in the DCM group, the Kaplan\u2013Meier survival curves between the groups were highly overlapping and revealed no significant differences in MACEs (log-rank p = 0.88), all-cause mortality (log-rank p = 0.84), and individual components of MACEs. After adjusting for heart failure severity, dLVNC and DCM exhibit no substantial difference in long-term prognosis, and the morphological feature of excessive trabeculation itself does not independently increase the risk of adverse events.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd13090406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T10:07:53Z","timestamp":1787566073000},"page":"406","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with Dilated Left Ventricular Non-Compaction Versus Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Propensity Score Matching Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Shiqi","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"},{"name":"Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeyuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuang","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.86.6.666","article-title":"Echocardiographic and pathoanatomical characteristics of isolated left ventricular non-compaction: A step towards classification as a distinct cardiomyopathy","volume":"86","author":"Jenni","year":"2001","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)00755-5","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of 34 adults with isolated left ventricular noncompaction: A distinct cardiomyopathy with poor prognosis","volume":"36","author":"Oechslin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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