{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T12:49:35Z","timestamp":1782996575143,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,15]],"date-time":"2020-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579046400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCDD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The identification of predictors of major cardiovascular events (MACES) represents a big challenge, especially in early and stable cardiovascular diseases. This prospective study comparatively evaluated the prognostic importance of left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) systolic and diastolic function, pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in a stable patient\u2019s cohort with cardiovascular risk factors. The LV ejection fraction, mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), functional mitral regurgitation (FMR), doppler tissue imaging of mitral and tricuspid annulus with systolic and diastolic peaks estimation, tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TRV), pulmonary velocity outflow time integral (PVTI), mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) and PVR were estimated at enrollment. During the follow-up, MACES and all-cause mortality were recorded. 369 subjects with or without previous MACES were enrolled. Bivariate analysis revealed LVEF, TAPSE, MPAP, TRV, PVR, LV diastolic function, and FMR were associated with the endpoints. When computing the influence of covariates to the primary endpoint (all-cause mortality and MACES) through Cox analysis, only LV diastolic function and TAPSE entered the final model; for the secondary endpoint (MACES) only TAPSE entered. TAPSE was able to predict MACES and all-cause mortality in early and stable cardiovascular diseases. The use of TAPSE should be implemented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd7010004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,15]],"date-time":"2020-01-15T10:30:27Z","timestamp":1579084227000},"page":"4","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Prognostic Importance of TAPSE in Early and in Stable Cardiovascular Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Paolo","family":"Giovanardi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Service, Department of Primary Care, Azienda USL, Via del Pozzo N 71, 41100 Modena, Italy"},{"name":"Cardiology Division, Ospedale S. Agostino\u2013Estense, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Via Giardini 1355, 41126 Baggiovara, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Tincani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Division, Ospedale S. Agostino\u2013Estense, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, 41100 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Maioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Informatics, and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Tondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Division, Ospedale S. Agostino\u2013Estense, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Via Giardini 1355, 41126 Baggiovara, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfs208","article-title":"Prognostic relevance of a non-invasive evaluation of right ventricular function and pulmonary artery pressure in patients with chronic heart failure","volume":"15","author":"Ghio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"B4982","article-title":"Prognostic interactions between cardiovascular risk factors","volume":"61","author":"Vishram","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dan. Med. 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