{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T22:26:58Z","timestamp":1790202418545,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,6]],"date-time":"2022-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCDD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: The \u201cFIDE Project\u201d (Fitness Implantable DEvice) was organized by the Institute of Sports Medicine and Science and the World Society of Arrhythmias with the aim of demonstrating the usefulness of exercise training in improving functional capacity in patients with implantable cardiac devices. Materials and Methods: Thirty sedentary patients were selected for the project (25 males and 5 females), with a mean age of 73 \u00b1 5 years (range 44\u201394 years). Twenty-five were implanted with a Pacemaker (PM) and five with an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD). Atrial fibrillation\/atrial flutter was present in ten (34%) patients, post-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy in five (17.2%), sick sinus syndrome in six (20,7%), complete atrium-ventricular block in six (20.7%), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in one (3.4%) and recurrent syncope in one (3.4%). The baseline assessment comprised cardiovascular examination, resting and stress ECG, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (V \u0307O2peak), strength assessment of different muscle groups, and a flexibility test. The same measurements were repeated after 15\u201320 consecutive training sessions, over a 2-month period. The exercise prescription was set to 70\u201380% of HRR (Heart rate reserve) and to 50\u201370% of 1RM (1-repetition maximum, muscular force). The training protocol consisted of two training sessions per week performed in our institute, 90 min for each (warm-up, aerobic phase, strength phase and stretching) and one or more at home autonomously. Results: The cardiopulmonary testing after the training period documents a significant improvement in V \u0307O2peak (15 \u00b1 4 mL\/kg\/min vs. 17 \u00b1 4; p = 0.001) and in work load (87 \u00b1 30 watts vs. 108 \u00b1 37; p = 0.001). Additionally, strength capacity significantly increased after the cardiac rehabilitation program, (quadriceps: 21 \u00b1 18 kg vs. 29 \u00b1 16 kg, p = 0.00003). Flexibility tests show a positive trend, but without statistical significance (sit-and-reach test: \u221219 \u00b1 11 cm vs. \u221215 \u00b1 11.7 cm; back-scratch test: \u221219 \u00b1 11.6 cm vs. \u221215 \u00b1 10 cm; lateral flexibility right \u221244 \u00b1 1.4 cm vs. \u221243 \u00b1 9.5 cm; left \u221243 \u00b1 5 vs. \u221245 \u00b1 8.7 cm). Conclusion: A brief period of combined aerobic, strength and flexibility exercise training (FIDE project) proved to be effective and safe in improving functional capacity in patients with cardiac implantable devices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd9060182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,6]],"date-time":"2022-06-06T10:08:24Z","timestamp":1654510104000},"page":"182","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Efficacy and Safety of a Combined Aerobic, Strength and Flexibility Exercise Training Program in Patients with Implantable Cardiac Devices"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Maria Rosaria","family":"Squeo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Medicine, Sport e Salute, 00197 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Di Giacinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Medicine, Sport e Salute, 00197 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0511-2621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco Alfonso","family":"Perrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Medicine, Sport e Salute, 00197 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology and University Sports Centre, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Santini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Medicine, Sport e Salute, 00197 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Luisa","family":"Sette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Medicine, Sport e Salute, 00197 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Fabrizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Medicine, Sport e Salute, 00197 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Vaquer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Fundacio Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2648-8406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Attilio","family":"Parisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Movement, Human and Health Science, University of Rome Foro Italico, 00135 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Spataro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Medicine, Sport e Salute, 00197 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Biffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Medicine, Sport e Salute, 00197 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"136","article-title":"The Pacemaker and Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Registry of the Italian Association of Arrhythmology and Cardiac Pacing\u2014Annual report 2017","volume":"20","author":"Proclemer","year":"2019","journal-title":"G. 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