{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T17:17:07Z","timestamp":1770139027736,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]],"date-time":"2022-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82070425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82070425"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2021CFA011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021CFA011"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["WJ2021Q039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WJ2021Q039"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["ZNLH201907"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZNLH201907"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["ZNPY2019005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZNPY2019005"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China","award":["82070425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82070425"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China","award":["2021CFA011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021CFA011"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China","award":["WJ2021Q039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WJ2021Q039"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China","award":["ZNLH201907"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZNLH201907"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China","award":["ZNPY2019005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZNPY2019005"]}]},{"name":"Health Commission of Hubei Province scientific research project","award":["82070425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82070425"]}]},{"name":"Health Commission of Hubei Province scientific research project","award":["2021CFA011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021CFA011"]}]},{"name":"Health Commission of Hubei Province scientific research project","award":["WJ2021Q039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WJ2021Q039"]}]},{"name":"Health Commission of Hubei Province scientific research project","award":["ZNLH201907"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZNLH201907"]}]},{"name":"Health Commission of Hubei Province scientific research project","award":["ZNPY2019005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZNPY2019005"]}]},{"name":"Translational Medicine and Interdiscipline Research Joint Fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University","award":["82070425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82070425"]}]},{"name":"Translational Medicine and Interdiscipline Research Joint Fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University","award":["2021CFA011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021CFA011"]}]},{"name":"Translational Medicine and Interdiscipline Research Joint Fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University","award":["WJ2021Q039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WJ2021Q039"]}]},{"name":"Translational Medicine and Interdiscipline Research Joint Fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University","award":["ZNLH201907"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZNLH201907"]}]},{"name":"Translational Medicine and Interdiscipline Research Joint Fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University","award":["ZNPY2019005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZNPY2019005"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation cultivation fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University","award":["82070425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82070425"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation cultivation fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University","award":["2021CFA011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021CFA011"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation cultivation fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University","award":["WJ2021Q039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WJ2021Q039"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation cultivation fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University","award":["ZNLH201907"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZNLH201907"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Innovation cultivation fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University","award":["ZNPY2019005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZNPY2019005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCDD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation (PeAF) is particularly challenging, as the clinical outcomes are modest. Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) plus linear ablation is one of the main strategies for PeAF ablation. Completely durable transmural lesions are difficult to achieve by catheter ablation during mitral isthmus ablation. The ligament of Marshall contains the vein of Marshall (VOM), myocardial tracts and innervation, and serves as arrhythmogenic foci that make it an attractive target in catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. Additionally, it co-localizes with the mitral isthmus, and may serve as a part of the perimitral isthmus reentrant circuit. Ethanol infusion into the VOM results in rapid ablation of the neighboring myocardium and its innervation. Its incorporation into PVI significantly increases the success rate of mitral isthmus block and the clinical outcome of PeAF ablation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd9080270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]],"date-time":"2022-08-16T23:44:25Z","timestamp":1660693465000},"page":"270","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Ethanol Infusion of Vein of Marshall for the Treatment of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: The Basics and Clinical Practice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Bo","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"},{"name":"Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"},{"name":"Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenxi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"},{"name":"Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"},{"name":"Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"},{"name":"Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhibing","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"},{"name":"Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.114.001672","article-title":"Five year follow-up after catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation using the stepwise approach and prognostic factors for success","volume":"8","author":"Schreiber","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ. 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