{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T06:18:10Z","timestamp":1762064290916,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,20]],"date-time":"2022-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chinese Scholarship Council","award":["202009370095"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202009370095"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCDD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: There is evidence that monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels reflect the intensity of the inflammatory response in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and have a predictive value for clinical outcomes. However, little is known about the effect of mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) on the inflammatory response in patients with CS complicating AMI. Therefore, we conducted a biomarker study to investigate the effect of MTH on MCP-1 levels in patients with CS complicating AMI. Methods: In the randomized mild hypothermia in cardiogenic shock (SHOCK-COOL) trial, 40 patients with CS complicating AMI were enrolled and assigned to MTH (33 \u00b0C) for 24 h or normothermia at a 1:1 ratio. Blood samples were collected at predefined time points at the day of admission\/day 1, day 2 and day 3. Differences in MCP-1 levels between and within the MTH and normothermia groups were assessed. Additionally, the association of MCP-1 levels with the risk of all-cause mortality at 30 days was analyzed. Missing data were accounted for by multiple imputation as sensitivity analyses. Results: There were differences in MCP-1 levels over time between patients in MTH and normothermia groups (P for interaction = 0.013). MCP-1 levels on day 3 were higher than on day 1 in the MTH group (day 1 vs day 3: 21.2 [interquartile range, 0.25\u201379.9] vs. 125.7 [interquartile range, 87.3\u2013165.4] pg\/mL; p = 0.006) and higher than in the normothermia group at day 3 (MTH 125.7 [interquartile range, 87.3\u2013165.4] vs. normothermia 12.3 [interquartile range, 0\u201363.9] pg\/mL; p = 0.011). Irrespective of therapy, patients with higher levels of MCP-1 at hospitalization tended to have a decreased risk of all-cause mortality at 30 days (HR, 2.61; 95% CI 0.997\u20136.83; p = 0.051). Conclusions: The cooling phase of MTH had no significant effect on MCP-1 levels in patients with CS complicating AMI compared to normothermic control, whereas MCP-1 levels significantly increased after rewarming. Trial registration: NCT01890317.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd9080280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,21]],"date-time":"2022-08-21T23:51:01Z","timestamp":1661125861000},"page":"280","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Circulating Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 in Patients with Cardiogenic Shock Complicating Acute Myocardial Infarction Treated with Mild Hypothermia: A Biomarker Substudy of SHOCK-COOL Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7105-037X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenke","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine\/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, 04289 Leipzig, Germany"},{"name":"Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3813-8772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georg","family":"Fuernau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Internal Medicine II (Cardiology, Angiology, Diabetology, Intensive Care Medicine), Dessau Community General Hospital, 06847 Dessau-Rosslau, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Desch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine\/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, 04289 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Freund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine\/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, 04289 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans-Josef","family":"Feistritzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine\/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, 04289 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janine","family":"P\u00f6ss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine\/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, 04289 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0799-4725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petra","family":"Buettner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine\/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, 04289 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0169-998X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Holger","family":"Thiele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine\/Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, 04289 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2671","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz363","article-title":"Management of cardiogenic shock complicating myocardial infarction: An update 2019","volume":"40","author":"Thiele","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. 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