{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T06:29:39Z","timestamp":1762928979722,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCDD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) secondary to nephrotic syndrome (NS) is rarely reported. Additionally, treating steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) that changes to steroid resistance (SRNS) is difficult, with many relapses and side effects. Case presentation: A 32-month-old SSNS male child turned into SRNS and developed cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), a rare complication of NS. As a result of the administration of combined pulse methylprednisolone and IV Rituximab (RTX) therapy, the patient showed marked improvement, the results of urine analysis were remarkably improved, and the child started to respond to treatment. Conclusions: Successful treatment of a rare case of juvenile SSNS behaving as SRNS with the development of CVST could be established using combined steroid pulse therapy, Enoxaparin, and the B lymphocytes monoclonal antibodies RTX.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd9110383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]],"date-time":"2022-11-08T10:53:52Z","timestamp":1667904832000},"page":"383","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Combined Methylprednisolone Pulse Therapy plus Rituximab for Treating a Rare Juvenile Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome with Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2917-2423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hader I.","family":"Sakr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11511, Egypt"},{"name":"Medicine Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Burhan","family":"Edrees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8993-7366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hussein Omar","family":"Taher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tuleen Talal","family":"Miliany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1365-8384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raneem Yasser","family":"Gazzaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3131-3707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asma Omar","family":"AlRuwaithi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Fouad","family":"Alamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mostafa E.","family":"Metawee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11511, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14184-0","article-title":"Nephrotic syndrome in childhood","volume":"362","author":"Eddy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2019.01.019","article-title":"Nephrotic Syndrome in South African Children: Changing Perspectives in the New Millennium","volume":"4","author":"Nandlal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Kidney Int. 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